



Class _kXui__ 




COPYRIGHT DEPOSIT. 



No. I. 



:P ^01895! 




Zest 
Questions 



Hnswers. 



Published by 

John MacDonald, 

Topeka, Kas. 





INTO. 1, 

Contains all the questions prepared by the State Board of 
Education of Kansas, from the examination of August 26 
and 27, 1892, to that of August 25 and 26, 1893. 





:n"o. s ; 

Contains all the question from the examination of October 
28, 1893, to that of August 25, 1894. 



THE ANSWERS ARE GIVEN TO ALL THE QUESTIONS, 

And there are in each book seven complete sets of examina- 
tions, each set comprising 12 branches. 



Price of one book, postage prepaid, 35 cent's ; of both books, 
postage prepaid, 60 cents. 

ADDRESS, 

IDestcrtt Sdtoot 3ournnI t 

TOPEKA, KAS. 






The ry 

Schoolroom 

Search =Ligh t 






BETWEEN 700 and 800 TEST QUESTIONS, 
WITH ANSWEBS TO ALL, 



IN ARITHMETIC, LANGUAGE AND GRAMMAR, GEOGRAPHY, 

UNITED STATES HISTORY, AND GENERAL 

INFORMATION. 

I. 5 






•**^ I&- <K * ALSO, 

NINETEEN LISTS OF WOKDS FOE PBONOUNCINa 

CONTESTS. 




TOPEKA, KAS.: lXG ll ^ 

JOHN MACDONALD. 



' 1895. 



ERRATUM. 
In Question 3, page 126, "Rogers" should be Young. 

NOTE. 

Question No. 5, General Information, page 11, has reference to 
those who were in office in April, 1894. 

Question No. 9, United States history, page 13, has reference to 
those who were in Congress in August, 1891. 

In Answer No. 1, page 5, the sixth line should read : 

this, with local taxation, sustains an excellent system 



Entered according to act of Congress, in the year 1895, by 

John MacDonald, 

In the office of the Librarian of Congress, 
at Washington. 



PRESS OF THE KANSAS STATE PRINTING COMPANY, 
TOPEKA, KAS. 



PREFACE. 



TN this book are collected all the Test Ques- 
tions and Answers which appeared in the 
Western School Journal during the 19 months 
ending August, 1895. These questions — num- 
bering more than 700 — are in arithmetic, lan- 
guage and grammar, geography, United States 
history, and general information. The purpose 
in preparing them was to furnish teachers a large 
variety of questions suitable for reviewing classes, 
or for miscellaneous exercises on Friday after- 
noons, or for opening exercises in the mornings. 
Besides 19 sets of questions, the book con- 
tains 19 lists of words commonly mispronounced. 
These are intended to be used at pronouncing 
contests. If the regulations on page 9 are fol- 
lowed, the contests can be made entertaining and 
valuable. j 0HN MacDonald. 

Topeka, Kas., September, 1895. 



INDEX. 



PAGE. 

No. 1. — Questions 1 

Answers 4 

No. 2.— Questions 10 

Answers 12 

No. 3.— Questions 16 

Answers 19 

No. 4. — Questions 24 

Answers 27 

No. 5. — Questions 33 

Answers 36 

No. 6.— Questions 42 

Answers 45 

No. 7.— Questions 54 

Answers 56 

No. 8.— Questions 62 

Answers 64 

No. 9. — Questions 71 

Answers 73 

No. 10.— Questions 79 



No. 10. 
No. 11. 

No. 12.- 

No. 13.- 

No. 14.- 

No. 15.- 

No. 16.- 

No. 17.- 

No. 18.- 

No. 19.- 



PAGE. 

-Answers 81 

-Questions 86 

Answers 89 

-Questions 94 

Answers 96 

-Questions 101 

Answers 104 

-Questions Ill 

Answers 114 

-Questions 119 

Answers 122 

-Questions 128 

Answers 131 

-Questions 137 

Answers 140 

-Questions 345 

Answers 147 

-Questions 152 

Answers 155 



Pronouncing Contest. 



Arithmetic : 

Questions 1, 



Answers. 



Language and Grammar: 

Questions 1, 

Answers 4, 

Geography : 

Questions 2, 



Answers. 



United States History: 

Questions 3, 

Answers 6, 



General Information: 

Questions 3, 

Answers 7, 



15, 
93, 


23, 

100, 


32, 
110, 


41, 
118, 


53, 

127, 


61, 

136, 


70, 
144, 


78, 
151, 


85 
158 


NCING 


Contests 








9 


10, 

86, 


16, 
94, 


24, 
101, 


33, 
HI, 


42, 
119, 


54, 

128, 


62, 
137, 


71, 

145, 


79 
152 


12, 

89, 


19, 
96, 


27, 
104, 


36, 
114, 


45, 
122, 


56, 
131, 


64, 
140, 


73, 
-147, 


81 
155 


10, 

86, 


16, 

94, 


24, 
102, 


33, 
112, 


42, 
119, 


54, 

128, 


62, 
137, 


71, 
145, 


79 
152 


12, 

90, 


20, 
97, 


28, 
105, 


36, 
114, 


46, 

122, 


57, 
131, 


66, 
140, 


74, 

148, 


81 
155 


11. 

87, 


17, 

95, 


25. 

102, 


34, 
112, 


43, 
120, 


55, 
129, 


63, 

138, 


72, 
146, 


79 
153 


13, 
91, 


21, 

97, 


*29, 
106, 


37, 
115, 


47, 
124, 


59, 
133, 


66, 
141, 


74, 

149, 


82 
156 


11, 

88, 


17, 
95, 


25, 
103, 


34, 
113, 


43, 
120, 


55, 
129, 


63, 

139, 


72, 
146, 


80 
153 


13, 

92, 


21, 

98, 


30, 
107, 


38, 
116, 


47, 
124, 


59, 
134, 


67, 
142, 


75, 
149, 


82 
157 


11, 

88, 


18, 
95, 


26, 
103, 


35, 
113, 


44, 

121. 


56, 
130, 


64, 
139, 


73, 
147, 


80 
154 


14, 
92, 


21, 
99, 


30, 
108, 


39, 

116, 


50, 
125, 


60, 
135, 


68, 
143, 


76, 
150, 


83 
157 



TEST QUESTIONS— No. i. 



Arithmetic — (1) How many slates will be required 
to cover a roof, each side of which is 34 feet 9 inches 
long and 16 feet wide, allowing 4 slates to cover a 
square foot; and what will they cost at the rate of 
$4.75 per hundred? 

(2) A teacher, in grading the examination papers 
of a class of five, marked as follows: 57, 35, 68, 75, 
27. The pupil who made no mistake was to receive 
85 marks. What percentage of the questions did 
each answer? 

(3) Two trains, one 210 feet long, and the other 
230, move on parallel tracks. When going in the 
same direction, they pass each other in 1 5 s conds ; 
and when going in opposite directions, they pass in 
3f seconds. Fiud the rates of the trains. — Elwood's 
Table Booh and Test Problems. 



Language and Grammar. — (1) Give the feminine 
of tyrant, victor, instructor. 

(2) Give three nouns that have the same termina- 
tion for masculine and feminine, and three that are 
used only in the feminine. 



Z SCHOOL-ROOM 

(3) From what languages are the following words 
derived : Crag, mortgage, philosophy, convene, ab- 
solve, avalanche, courier? 

(4) Write a composition of not less than 500 words 
on your favorite poet, telling why you prefer him 
or her to other poets. • 

(5) Punctuate correctly the following: Thou art 
an honest fellow replied the robber I warrant thee 
and we worship not St. Nicholas so devoutly but 
what thy thirty zechins may yet escape if thou deal 
uprightly with us meantime render up thy trust for 
the time so saying he took from Gurth's breast the 
large leathern pouch in which the purse given him 
by Rebecca was inclosed as well as the rest of the 
zechins and then continued his interrogation who is 
thy master. — Ivanhoe. 



Geography. — (1) Describe in a composition not 
exceeding 500 words Rio Janeiro and harbor. Let 
a map accompany the composition. 

(2) What is the form of goverment in San Do- 
mingo? The prevailing religion? 

(3) What is the form of government in Tibet, 
Sumatra, Persia, Borneo, Egypt? 

(4) What provision has been made for the educa- 
tion of children in Switzerland, Argentine Republic, 
Spain, Sweden, Turkey? 

(5) What is meant by the terms "spring tides" 
and "neap tides?" 



SEARCH-LIGHT. 3 

United States History. — (1) Name the govern- 
ments which have had possession of New Orleans, 
and tell how long a period it was held by each. 

(2) When was the patent office established? Be- 
fore that time, by what department were patents is- 
sued? 

(3) Name the ships that gave rise to the Alabama 
claims, and name the arbitrators who arbitrated the 
claims at Geneva. 

(4) Name one secretary of war and five secretaries 
of state, each of whom afterward became President 
of the United States. 

(5) Has an income tax ever been levied in the 
United States ? If so, when was it levied, and what 
were its main features? 

(6) Explain these terms in United States history : 
Loco-foco, ku-klux klan, know-nothing party, barn- 
burners. 

General Information. — (1) For how long a period 
is an author granted copyright in the United States ? 

(2) Name all the world's expositions, and tell 
where each was held. 

(3) What is meant by extradition? Give an illus- 
tration. 

(4) What do the words "bastille," "barricades" 
and "lettres de cachet" suggest to you? 

(5) What is the difference between common and 
statute law? { 



4 SCHOOL-ROOM 

ANSWERS TO TEST QUESTIONS 
No. i. 

Arithmetic— (I) 34.75 X 16 X 4 = 2224. $4.75 
X 22.24 = $105.64. 

(2) 67+; 41+; 80 + ; 88 + ; 31+. 

(3) Let A denote the faster train, B the other. 
Then, to pass B when going the same way, A must 
gain 230 + 210 = 440 feet, and 440-M5 = 29J feet, 
which is A's excess of rate per second. In opposite 
directions, they together move 440 feet in 3f seconds, 
or 117 J feet per second, of which A runs 29 J feet 
more than B. Then J of (117J — 29J) = 44=B's 
rate per second, and 44+29J = 73J, A's rate. (44 
X3600)-^-5280 = 30 (miles per hour), and (73J X 
3600) -T- 5280 = 50 (miles per hour), the required 
rates. 

Language and Grammar. — (1) Tyraness, victress, 
instructress. 

(2) Parent, witness, friend, (a) Brunette, mil- 
liner, Amazon. 

(3) Celtic, French, Greek, Latin, Latin, French, 
French. 

(5) "Thou art an honest fellow," replied the rob- 
ber, "I warrant thee; and we worship not St. Nich- 
olas so devoutly I what thy thirty zechins may yet 
escape, if thou deal uprightly with us. Meantime 
render up thy trust for the time." So saying, he 



SEAKCH- LIGHT. 



took from Gurth's breast the large leathti\i pouch, in 
which the purse given him by Rebecca was inclosed, 
as well as the rest of the zechins, and then continued 
his interrogation, "Who is thy master?" 



Geography. — (2) (a) Republican. (b) Catholic. 

(3) (a) It is a dependency of China; hence has a 
despotic form, (b) It is a dependency of Holland. 
(c) Despotic, (d) It is a dependency of Holland, 
and Holland has a limited monarchy, though proba- 
bly the government in both Sumatra and Borneo is 
despotic, (e) It is tributary to Turkey, but is vir- 
tually independent. The government is despotic. 

(4) (a) The constitution of Switzerland requires 
education to be sufficient, obligatory, gratuitous, un- 
sectarian, and under public control of the state. 
Funds are provided by the state and the commune. 
(b) The national congress makes an appropriation; 
with local taxation, sustains an xllent system his,e the 
of schools, (c) Education is compulsory and free, 
but the law is not well enforced. Teachers are 
poorly paid, (d) Education is compulsory and free. 
The law provides for a school in every parish. The 
results are excellent, (e) The government has done 
little or nothing. 

(5) At new moon and at full moon the sun and 
moon exert their power on the tides in the same di- 
rection; hence the tides are highest and lowest. 
These are known as "spring tides." At the quarters 



O SCHOOL-ROOM 

of the moon, the sun and moon are exerting power 
in opposite directions; hence the tides do not rise as 
high nor sink so low. These are known as "neap 
tides." 

United States History. — (1) France, from 1718 to 
1768; Spain, from 1768 to November, 1803; France, 
again, about 20 days. 

(2) (a) 1836. (6) Until 1793 by the secretary 
of war, the secretary of state, and the attorney gen- 
eral; from 1793 to 1836 by the secretary of state; 
after 1836 by the commissioner of patents. 

(3) (a) Sumter, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Shen- 
andoah, (b) Count Frederigo Sclopis, Italy ; Baron 
Itajubo, Brazil; Jacques Staempfli, Switzerland; 
Charles Francis Adams, United States; Sir Alexan- 
der Cockburn, Great Britain. 

(4) (a) James Monroe, (b) Thomas Jefferson, 
James Madison, James Monroe, John Quincy Adams, 
Martin Van Buren. 

(5) On August 5, 1861, an act of Congress author- 
ized a tax of 3 per cent, on all incomes over $800 a 
year. In July, 1862, the law was amended, and ali 
incomes under $5,000 were taxed 5 per cent., with 
an exemption of $600 and house rent. Incomes from 
$5,000 to $10,000 were taxed 2J per cent, additional 
— that is, 7 J per cent. — with no exemptions ; incomes 
above $10,000 were taxed 5 percent, additional, with 
no exemption. Various amendments were made after 
the war. The tax expired in 1872. 



SEAECH-LIGHT. 7 

(6) (a) The radical wing of the democratic party, 
in 1835-'37. The term originated in New York, and 
was derived from a particular kind of matches. Sub- 
sequently the name was given to the national demo- 
cratic party. (6) A secret, oath -bound organization 
formed in the South in 1866 or 1867. Its object 
was to prevent negroes from voting or holding office, 
(c) A secret, oath-bound association, known also as 
the American party. It was formed in 1852, and 
lasted until about the beginning of the war. The 
main object of the party was to prevent foreign-born 
citizens from holding office. Finally merged into the 
freesoil party, (d) The barnburners were radical in 
views, and were so named from a story of a farmer 
who burned his barn to get rid of the rats. 



General Information. — (1) 28 years, with the 
privilege of renewal for 14 years. 

(2) The first exposition was held in London, in 
1851; the second in Paris, in 1855; the third in 
London, in 1862; the fourth in Paris, in 1867; the 
fifth in Vienna, in 1873; the sixth in Philadelphia, in 
1876; the seventh in Paris, in 1878; the eighth in 
New Orleans, in 1884-85; the ninth in Chicago, in 
1893. 

(4) The delivering up to justice of fugitive crim- 
inals by the authorities of one country to those of 
another. If a criminal should flee from France to the 
United States, he would be delivered to the French 
government, on the request being made and proofs 



8 SCHOOL-ROOM 

presented, (a) A French prison at Paris which had 
become odious to the people, because it was into its 
dungeons the French tyrants cast their victims. It 
was destroyed early in the French revolution. (6) 
A French term applied to obstructions placed across 
streets for defensive purposes, (c) Letters or papers, 
signed by the French monarch, authorizing the arbi- 
trary imprisonment of the person named. Lettres de 
cachet were abolished by the assembly in 1790. 

(5) Common law "is an unwritten law which re- 
ceives its binding force from immemorial usage and 
universal reception, in distinction from the written or 
statute law. Its rules or principles are to be found 
only in the works of institutional writers, in the 
records of courts, and in the reports of judicial deci- 
sions, and it is overruled by the statute law." — Cyclo- 
pedia of Political Science, 



PRONOUNCING CONTEST— No. i. 



Ultima Thule, baptism, Youghiogheny, visor, vi- 
vacious, vicar, Reykjavik, minutiae, contumacy, con- 
tumely, aunt, ay or aye (meaning yes), aye (meaning 
always), soot, dysentery, placable, placard, requiem. 
Richelieu, sauce, sewer (one who sews), sewer (an un- 
derground drain), servile, schismatic, domicile, archit- 
rave, revocable, extempore, maligner, incomparable, 
indissoluble, dishabille, diastole, dilettante, consum- 



SEARCH-LIGHT. 



mate (adjective), consummate (verb), consignee, con- 
spiracy, basilisk, bequeath. 



Regulations Governing Pronouncing Contests. 

Let sides be chosen as in spelling. Let the teacher stand behind the con- 
testants, where it will be impossible to get suggestions from his marking. 
Let every pupil on each side pronounce every word in the list. Let every 
error in accent and sounds of letters be marked. Let the number of errors 
made by each side be placed on the blackboard. A new list should not be 
given until every contestant can pronounce every word in the old list. 



10 SCHOOL-ROOM 



TEST QUESTIONS— No. 2. 



Arithmetic. — (1) How many days from January 
30, 1892, to July 4, both included? 

(2) What per cent, is f of T 9 ¥ ? 

(3) I buy one-fifth of an acre of land for $2,178. 
For how much a square foot must I sell it in order 
(o gain 20 per cent, of the cost? — Harvard Examin- 
ation Papers. 

Language a,n& Grammar. — 1) Give the degrees 
of comparison of "far" and "forth," and the differ- 
ence in meaning between "farther" and "further." 

(2) Give three examples of defective comparisons 
in adjectives. 

(3) Correct the following errors, and give reasons : 
"If I was wealthy I should travel." "Rhode Island 
is not as large as Butler county, Kansas." " If the 
snow should be so difficult to walk through to-mor- 
row as it is to-day, you cannot go to school." 

(4) Punctuate correctly the following: Who is 
that said the Doctor Oh Come in Toots come in Mr. 
Dombey sir Toots bowed quite a coincidence said 
Doctor Blimber here we have the beginning and the 
end Alpha and Omega our head boy Mr Dombey 



SEARCH-LIGHT. 11 

Geography. — (1) The Nile receives one-third 
more rain than the Mississippi, but the Mississippi 
discharges five times as much water as the Nile. 
Give the reason. 

(2) Why have the Mediterranean and the Baltic 
scarcely any tides? 

(3) Why is the interior of Australia a desert ? 

(4) What are the relations between Norway and 
Sweden? 

United States History. — (1) How many proclama- 
tions of amnesty have been issued in the United 

Slates? 

(2) How many persons named Adams are cele- 
brated in American history? Tell something con- 
cerning each. 

(3) What is meant by "repudiation" in our his- 
tory? Give instances. 



General Information. — (1) By what name is the 
national legislature known in Spain, Switzerland, 
Austria, Germany? 

(2) To what extent is the right to vote granted in 
Spain, Italy, and France? 

(3) What powers has the United States court of 
appeals? 

(4) What is meant by "eminent domain"? 

(5) Name the chief justice and associate justices 
of the supreme court of the United States. 



12 SCHOOL-ROOM 



ANSWERS TO TEST QUESTIONS 

No. 2. 

Arithmetic. — (1) 157. 

(2) 44* %. 

(3) 1 A. = 43,560 sq. ft £ of 43,560 sq. ft.=8 r 
712 sq. ft. Cost of land per sq. ft. = $2, 178 -~8,71 2 
= 25 cents. 25 ceuts + 20 % = 30 cents. Proof: 
8,712 sq. ft. at 30 cents = $2,6 13.60; $2,178 + 20% 
= $2,613.60. 

Language and Grammar. — (1) Far, farther, far- 
thest, farthermost; forth, further, furthest. Farther 
means more distant; further also means more distant, 
but in addition means the remoter of two things, as 
"the further side." It also means wider or fuller, as 
" further, he said." 

(2) Nether, nethermost (no positive); rear (posi- 
tive), rearmost (superlative), no comparative; out, 
outer, utter, outermost, utmost. 

(3) (a) "If I were wealthy I would travel." Were 
is the form used for the subjunctive; would is used 
instead of should because a resolution is expressed. 
(b) "Rhode Island is not so larga as Butler couuty, 
Kansas." So, with a negative, should be followed by 
as. (c) "If the snow should be so difficult to walk 
through to-morrow as it is to-day, I could not go 
to school." The tense of a verb in a subordinate 



SEARCH-LIGHT. 13 

clause must agree with the tense of the verb in the 
principal clause. 

(4) "Who is that?" said the doctor. ."Oh! come 
in, Toots; come in. Mr. Dombey, sir." Toots 
bowed. "Quite a coincidence!" said Doctor Blim- 
ber. "Here we have the beginning and the end. 
Alpha and Omega. Our head boy, Mr. Dombey." 



Geography. — (1) Because the Nile loses much of 
its water by evaporation in crossing the desert. 

(2) Because the narrowness of their mouths pre- 
vents them from being much affected by the tides of 
the ocean. 

(3) Because rain-bearing clouds cannot reach it 
from the ocean at the season of the year when con- 
densation easily takes place. 

(4) They have one king, but separate legislatures. 



United States History. — (1) On December 8, 1863, 
President Lincoln issued a proclamation of amnesty. 
A supplementary proclamation, explanatory of the 
first, was issued on March 26, 1864. On May 29, 
1865, President Johnson issued a proclamation offer- 
ing amnesty; on September 7, 1867, another; on July 
4, 1868, a third, and on December 25, 1868, a fourth. 
These five proclamations were to the people of the 
states which had been in rebellion. 

(2) Samuel Adams, one of the founders of Ameri- 
can independence. John Adams, another of the 



14 SCHOOL-ROOM 

founders of the republic; he was minister to France 
and England, vice president and President of the 
United States. John Quincy Adams, sixth Presi- 
dent of the United States. Charles Francis Adams, 
minister to Great Britain, 1861-'68. 

(3) Refusal to pay debts incurred by states, coun- 
ties, or municipalities. The word began to be used 
about 55 years ago. Georgia, by constitutional amend- 
ment, prohibited the payment of debts created during 
the reconstruction period. Mississippi also repudi- 
ated bonds issued before the war. 



General Information. — (1) (a) Cortes, (b) Fed- 
eral assembly, (c) E-eichsrath. (d) Bundensrath 
and reiclistag. 

(2) (a) Every citizen 25 years of age and over 
has a vote. (6) Must be a citizen, 25 years of age, 
aud be able to read and write, (c) Must be a citi- 
zen, and 21 years of age. 

(3) The United States circuit court of appeals is a 
court of appeals put in between the United States 
supreme court and the United States circuit court. 
The court was established to relieve the supreme 
court. Its decisions are final in certain cases. 

(4) Original ownership retained by the sovereign, 
or remaining in the state, whereby land or other pri- 
vate property can be taken for the public benefit. — 
Lalor's Cyclopedia of Political Science. 

(5) M. W. Fuller, 1888, 111., Cleveland, Dem. 



SEARCH-LIGHT. 15 

S. J. Field, 1863, Cal., Lincoln, Dem. 
J. M. Harlan, 1877, Ky., Hayes, Rep. 
Horace Gray, 1881, Mass., Arthur, Rep. 

D. J. Brewer, 1889, Kas., Harrison, Rep. 
H. B. Brown, 1890, Mich., Harrison, Rep. 
George Shiras, jr., 1892, Pa., Harrison, Rep. 
H. E. Jackson, 1893, Tenn., Harrison, Dem. 

E. D. White, 1894, La., Cleveland, Dem. 



PRONOUNCING CONTEST— No. 2. 

Viva voce, vis-a-vis, renaissance, unlearned (ad- 
jective), table d'hote, tableau, surveillance, solstice, 
seismic, ribald, recluse, recherche", premise (noun), 
premise (verb), plagiarism, jocose, interpolate, in- 
ternecine, imbroglio, docile. 



16 SCHOOL-ROOM 



TEST QUESTIONS— No. 3. 



Arithmetic. — (1) A merchant's private key for 
marking goods is "prevention." How must he 
mark goods which cost 25 cents a yard ? How must 
he mark the selling price at 25 per cent, gain on the 
cost price? 

(2) What is meant by the "par of exchange?" 

(3) I borrow $500 at a bank for 90 days; discount 
6 per cent. For what sum must I give my note to 
obtain the amount? 

(4) A granary 24 feet long, 8 feet high and 12 
feet wide lacks 40 per cent, of being full of wheat. 
How many more bushels of wheat will it hold ? 

(5) How far will a boy walk in plowing 1J acres 
if his plow turns a furrow one foot wide? 



Language and Grammar. — (1) Give five nouns, 
each of which has two plurals. 

(2) Give three nouns which have in the plural 
one form and two meanings. 

(3) Correct the following errors, and give a reason 
for each correction: u This is one of the mildest 
springs that has ever been known." "You must not 
act like he does." "He fell off of the barn." "Most 



SEARCH-LIGHT. 17 

everybody has a cold." "Kansas City has the lar- 
gest population of any other city in Kansas." 

(4) What is the difference in meaning between 
"This is a picture of John," and "This is a picture 
of John's"? 

(5) Define aphorism and epigram, and give an il- 
lustration of each. 

Geography. — (1) Why were the trade winds so 
named ? 

(2) In what countries are the following words 
used: Fiord, loch, pampas, steppes? Define each 
word. 

(3) Give the swiftness, width, temperature and 
color of the Gulf Stream. 

(4) In what country do the people uncover the 
feet, instead of the head, as a mark of respect? 

(5) Where is the largest tree in the world ? 

(6) On a voyage from New York to Hamburg, 
over what waters would you sail, and what countries 
would you pass ? 

United States History. — (1) What is meant by 
"Tammany Hall" in American politics? 

(2) Name the first state admitted into the union 
after the first 13. Name the last state admitted. 

(3) A noted author was secretary of the navy; 
minister to Great Britain; minister to Prussia; min- 



18 SCHOOL-ROOM 

ister to the Gen^aa empire. Nuiu«j him, aiid bis 
chief literary work. 

(4) How many members of the United States 
senate were there in 1800? How many are there 
now? 

(5) North Carolina did not ratify the constitution 
of the United States until November 21, 1789; 
Rhode Island, not until May 29, 1790. Why did 
these two states delay ratification so long? 



General Information. — (1) For what is each of 
the following-named islands noted: Elba, Caprera, 
Island No. 10? 

(2) Name the author of "Comus," "Obiter 
Dicta," "The Sublime and Beautiful," "John Gil- 
pin," "Imaginary Conversations," "Pride and Prej- 
udice." 

(3) Name a poet who committed suicide by poison- 
ing himself; a noted scientific investigator and writer 
who shot himself; and a noted woman — eminent in 
literature — who was drowned. 

(4) Who painted "The Last Supper," "The 
Rake's Progress," "1807," "Ecce Homo"? 

(5) In what books do the followingjnames repre- 
sent characters; Dominie Sampson; John Rokesmith; 
Chiistiana; Ichabod Crane; Becky Sharp. 

(6) In which play of Shakespeare is Caliban; Au- 
tolycus; Benvolio: Olivia; Christopher Sly? 



SEARCH-LIGHT. 19 

(7) What can you tell concerning the following- 
named places: The Bridge of Sighs; Stonehenge; 
the Coliseum; the Alhambra; the Golden Horn? 

(8) Where do we find the first mention of circuit 
courts? 

(9) Give the meaning of each of the following 
expressions: Amende honorable; au fait; hors de 
combat; Ultima Thule; recherchL 

(10) Who wrote: "Where ignorance is bliss 'tis 
folly to be wise;" "Variety is the very spice of 
life;" "There is, however, a limit at which forbear- 
ance ceases to be a virtue." 



ANSWERS TO TEST QUESTIONS 

No. 3. 



Arithmetic. — (1) Pe; ep -7. 

(2) The value of the currency of any country ex- 
pressed in the currency of another. 

(3) The proceeds of $1 for 90+3 days, at 6%, 
are $0.9845. $500 -4- .9845 = $507.87+. 

(4) 24 X 8 X 12= 2,304 cu. ft. = 1,851 bu. It 
will hold 740 bu. 

(5) 1 A. = 43,560 sq. ft. 1J A.= 65,340 sq. ft. 
For every mile he walks he plows 5,280 sq. ft.; 
hence, 65,340 sq. ft. -5- 5,280 = the number of miles 
he travels, or about 12 J miles. 



20 SCHOOL-ROOM 

Language and Grammar. — (1) Pennies (separate 
coins), pence (sum of money); indexes (tables of con- 
tents), indices (terms used in algebra); shots (dis- 
charges), shot (balls); geniuses (persons of genius), 
genii (spirits); brothers (by birth), brethren (of a 
community). 

(2) Customs: (a) Habits; (6) revenue duties. 
Numbers: (a) In arithmetic; (6) in poetry. Pains: 
(a) Sufferings; (6) care. 

(3) (a) This is one of the mildest springs that 
have ever been known. The verb must agree with 
its subject, (b) You must not act as he does. Like 
is not a conjunction, and is improperly used for the 
conjunctive adverb as. (c) He fell off the barn. Of 
is superfluous, (d) Nearly everybody has a cold. 
Most is an adjective, and is improperly used, (e) 
Kansas City has a larger population than any other 
city in Kansas. The superlative largest and the pre- 
position o/are wrongly used. 



(4) "This is a picture of John" means "This is a 
likeness of John." "This is a picture of John's" 
means "This picture belongs to John." 

(5) An aphorism is a comprehensive maxim or 
principle expressed in a few words, as "Smooth runs 
t he water when the brook is deep." An epigram is 
a bright thought tersely and sharply expressed, 
whether in verse or prose. — International Dictionary. 
Illustration : " Solitude is sometimes best society." 



SEAKOH-LIGHT. 21 

Geography. — (1) The name was given because 
they blew steadily in one direction; hence, could be 
depended on by ships engaged in commerce. 

(2) Norway; Scotland; South America, chiefly in 
the Argentine Kepublic; southeastern Europe, and 
in Asia. 

(3) Four miles an hour; about 30 miles wide; 
above 80° Fahr. ; deep blue. 

(5) The largest tree known is a chestnut tree near 
the base of Mount Etna. It is 190 feet in circum- 
ference. 

United States History. — (1) Tammany hall is the 
name of the building on Fourteenth street, New York, 
in which the democrats have their headquarters. In 
politics, the name has come to mean the democratic 
organization in the city of New York. 

(2) (a) Vermont, (b) Wyoming. 

(3) (a) George Bancroft. (6) History of the 
United States. 

(4) (a) 32. (6) 88. 

(5) North Carolina wanted aj bill of rights and 
amendments, and Khode Island feared the federal 
constitution would destroy the state paper currency. 



General Information. — (1) (a) The island to which 
Napoleon was exiled after his abdication in 1814. 
(6) The home of Garibaldi during the last part of his 



22 .SCHOOL- ROOM 

life, (c) It was fortified by the Confederates in the 
early part of the civil war. It was situated a few 
miles below Columbus, Ky., and commanded the 
river. The island was captured by General Pope 
and Commodore Foote on April 7, 1862. 

(2) John Milton ; Augustus Birrell ; Edmund 
Burke; William Cowper; Walter Savage Landor; 
Jane Austen. 

(3) Thomas Chatterton; Hugh Miller; Margaret 
Fuller Ossoli. 

(4) Leonardo da Vinci; William Hogarth; Jean 
Louis Ernest Meissonier ; Antonio Allegri da Cor- 
reggio. 

(5) "Guy Mannering;" "Our Mutual Friend ;" 
"The Pilgrim's Progress;" "Sketch Book;" "Van- 
ity Fair." 

(6) "The Tempest;" "Winter's Tale;" "Romeo 
and Juliet;" "Twelfth Night;" /'Taming of the 
Shrew." 

(7) (a) It connects the palace of the doge with the 
state prisons of Venice, and is so called because state 
prisoners were conveyed over it from the judgment 
hall to the place of execution, (b) The remnants of 
two circles of huge stones on Salisbury Plain, Wilt- 
shire, England. Stonehenge is supposed to have been 
a Druidical temple, (c) An amphitheater in Rome, 
erected by Nero. Its ruins are probably the finest in 
the world. (d) A palace of the Moorish kings of 
Granada. For a description of the ruins, see the 



SEARCH-LIGHT. %\ 

writings of Washington Irving, (e) The curve in 
the Bosphorus, on which Constantinople is situated. 

(8) I Samuel, vii, 16: "And he went from year to 
year in circuit to Bethel and Gilgal and Mizpah, aud 
judged Israel in all those places." 

(9) (a) A satisfactory apology. (b) Up to the 
mark, (c) Out of condition to fight, (d) The ut- 
most boundary or limit, (e) Choice; of rare ele- 
gance. 

(10) (a) Thomas Gray. (6) William Cowper. 
(c) Edmund Burke. 



PRONOUNCING CONTEST— No. 3. 



Obligatory, bona fide, divan, grimaces, Messonier, 
Disraeli, commandant, objurgato, nepotism, morphine!, 
research, dynamite, wiseacre, viscount, vehement, sub- 
tile, subtle, scenic, glacial, glacier. 



24 SCHOOL-ROOM 



TEST QUESTIONS— No. 4. 



Arithmetic. — (1) I owe Mr. A. in New York $50. 
I go to a bank in Topeka, pay $50, and receive a 
draft on a New York bank. This draft I send to Mr. 
A. Why does the New York bank pay the draft ? 
What must Mr. A. do before receiving the cash? 

(2) When it is 9 A. M. in Boston, what is the time 
at San Francisco? 

(3) A merchant's private key for marking goods 
is "promulgate." If he buy goods at 12 J cents a 
yard, how should the cost price be marked? How 
must he mark the selling price if he sells at a gain 
of 10 per cent.? 

(4) A grocer buys syrup at 80 cents a gallon, and 
sells it at 12 cents a pint. How much per cent, does 
he gain? 

(5) A farmer bought the south half of the south- 
west quarter of the southwest quarter of section 20, 
town 12, range 15, at $18 an acre. He sold the tract 
for $450. What was his per cent, of gain or loss? 
Make a diagram. 

Language and Grammar. — (1) Illustrate the dif- 
ference between the use of the word " observation " 
and "observance," 



SEARCH-LIGHT. 25 

(2) Why is it wrong to use the following words : 
Illy, enthuse, Sundayed. 

(3) Define idiom, and give three idiomatic expres- 
sions. 

(4) Correct these expressions, and give a reason 
for each correction: "Either of the three;" "I ex- 
pect you were surprised I did not come yesterday;" 
"He is very pleased with his teacher;" "The Pick- 
wick Papers were written by Chas. Dickens;" "They 
act like they were angry." 

(5) Give an example of simile, metaphor, personi- 
fication. 

Geography. — (1) State briefly the difference be- 
tween a cyclone and a tornado. 

(2) What are land-and-sea breezes? What causes 
them? 

(3) Name in the order of value the five chief ex- 
ports of the United States. 

(4) Compare Japan and China as to characteristics 
of the people, language, and religion. 

(5) A certain territory, having an independent 
government, has an area of but 8.34 square miles. 
Name it, give its boundaries, and tell for what it is 
noted. 

United States History. — (1) A certain American, 
of foreign birth, was instructor in Harvard College; 
secretary of the treasury; minister from the United 



26 SCHOOL-KOOM 

States to France; minister from the United States to 
Great Britain. Name him, his native land, and any 
important public service he may have done. 

(2) Name all the Presidents of the United States 
who were soldiers. 

(3) Name the states which seceded from the union, 
and arrange the list so as to show the order in which 
they seceded. 

(4) A certain vice president of the United States 
had his name changed by legislative enactment when 
he was 18 years of age. Name him. 

(5) A noted advocate of state sovereignty was suc- 
cessively representative in congress; secretary of war; 
vice president; United States senator; secretary of 
state; United States senator (a second time). Name 
him. 

General Information. — (1) In what books do the 
following names represent characters : Hester Prynn, 
Kowena, Dinah Morris, Jack Bunsby, Emile? 

(2) In history, what is meant by each of the fol- 
lowing terms : " The Hundred Days ; " " The Mon roe 
Doctrine;" "The Sick Man of the East;" "The 
Balance of Power;" "Consequential Damages"? 

(3) In which play of Shakespeare is Moth ; Cor- 
delia; Dogberry; Parolles; Benedick? 

(4) Substitute the right name for each of the 
following: "The Great Unknown;" "The Great 



SEARCH-LIGHT. 27 

Cham of Literature;" " Charles Egbert Craddock ; " 
"Elia;" " Uncle Remus." 

(5) Name a noted poet who was drowned, and 
whose body, when washed ashore, was cremated. 

(6) Name the author of "Wuthering Heights;" 
"Levana;" "Sohraband Rustum;" "The Princess;" 
"Rise of the Dutch Republic." 

(7) For what were the following-named persons 
noted : Murillo, Comenius, Mozart, Audubon, Tasso ? 

(8) What are the "fine arts"? 

(9) What is meant by "balance of trade"? 

(10) What is meant by "pirate" in literature? 



ANSWERS TO TEST QUESTIONS 
No. 4. 

Ariihmdic. — (1) (a) Because the Topeka bank has 
in the New York bank a deposit wherewith to meet 
drafts. (6) He must indorse the draft, and in some 
cases must be identified. 

(2) Longitude of San Francisco, 122° 26' 15"; 
of Boston, 71° 3' 30"; both west longitude. The 
difference in longitude=51° 22' 45". 51° 22' 45" 
-j- 15 = 3 hr. 25 min. 31 sec. (For another method, 
see p. 131, May number Western School Jour- 
nal.) 



28 SCHOOL-KOOM 

(3) Pr *• po £. 

(4) 1 gallon = 8 pints. 12 cents X 8 = 96 cents. 
Gain, 20 %. 

(5) S. J of the S. W. I of the S. W. J=20 acres. 
$18X20=4360. $450 — $360=490 = 25 % gain. 
The pupils should nv*k? the diagram. 



Language and Grammar — (1) " Observation " is 
the act of noticing; "observance," a celebration, as 
the observance of the Sabbath. 

(2) Because "illy" is not sanctioned by good au- 
thority; "enthuse" is slang; and "Sunday ed" exists 
only in the vocabulary of crude reporters. 

(3) A use of words peculiar to a particular lan- 
guage, especially if it be an irregularity; a form of 
speech characteristic of a writer or a tongue. — Stand- 
ard Dictionary. Examples: "I can make nothing of 
it." " He treats his subject home" " It is that within 
us that makes for righteousness." 

(4) (a) "Any one of the three." Either is used 
only when speaking of two objects. (6) "I suppose 
or presume you were surprised I did not come yester- 
day." Expect should be used only when one speaks 
of what is to come, (c) The adverb very should not 
be used before a passive participle, (d) " The Pick- 
wick Papers" is the title of a book, hence is in the 
singular number, and the verb must agree with its 
nominative, (e) Like should not be used as a con- 
junction instead of as or as if. 



SEARCH-LIGHT. 29 

(5) "Like as a lather pilieih his children." "The 
hand of time falls heavily upon the red stone." 
"The flowers. nod gaily to each other." 

Geography. — (1) A cyclone is a rotatory storm, and 
is caused by the overheating of the air next the sur- 
face of the earth. This after a while causes an 
up draft, towards which the wind blows from all di- 
rections. The up draft is the center of the cyclone, 
or "storm center," towards which the wind blows in 
a spiral or whirl. The path of the cyclone is usually 
3,000 miles in length; its breadth several hundred 
milts. A tornado is a rotatory storm which is preva- 
lent mainly in great plains. The path of the tornado 
rarely exceeds 40 or 50 miles in length, and the de- 
structive part of the whirl may be only a few rods in 
diameter. — Tilden's Commercial Geography. 

(2) During the day the earth becomes heated, and 
reaches a higher temperature than the water. The 
air rises, and the air over the sea, being more con- 
densed, blows as a sea breeze toward the land. After 
sunset, the land is more rapidly cooled than the water ; 
hence the breeze blows from the land toward the sea ; 
in other words, the condensed air flows toward the 
rarefied air. 

(3) Cotton, flour, wheat, tobacco, corn. 

(4) To be answered by the pupils in the form of 
essays. 

(5) Monaco. It is situated on the Mediterranean, 



30 SCHOOL-ROOM 

nine miles east of Nice, and is bounded on the land- 
ward side by French territory. It is noted — or, 
rather, notorious — from the fact that at Monte Carlo, 
its chief town, there are gambling tables on a large 
scale, and that the little principality is sustained by 
the proceeds. 

United States History. — (1) Albert Gallatin. He 
was a native of Switzerland. He negotiated the 
treaty of Ghent, in 1814. 

(2) Washington, Monroe, Jackson, William Henry 
Harrison, Taylor, Grant, Hayes, Garfield, Benjamin 
Harrison. 

(3) South Carolina, Mississippi, Florida, Ala- 
bama, Georgia, Louisiana, Texas, Arkansas, North 
Carolina, Virginia, Tennessee. 

(4) Henry Wilson. 

(5) John C. Calhoun. 



General Information. — (1) "The Scarlet Letter;" 
"Ivanhoe;" "Adam JBede;" "Dombey and Son;" 
Rousseau's "£mile." 

(2) (a) The days between Napoleon's departure 
from Elba, on March 20, 1815, and the day on which 
he abdicated, June 22, 1815. (b) The annual message 
of President Monroe, in 1823, contained the follow- 
ing: "With the existing colonies or dependencies of 
any European power we have not interfered, and 



SEARCH-LIGHT. 31 

shall not interfere; but with the govern men to which 
have declared their independence and maintained it, 
and whose independence we have, on great consider- 
ation and just principles, acknowledged, we could not 
view an interposition for oppressing them, or con~ 
trolling in any other manner their destiny by any 
European power, in any other light than as a mani- 
festation of an unfriendly disposition toward the 
United States." (c) A term applied by European 
diplomatists to Turkey, (d) A term used in Europe. 
It means that no nation shall be allowed to increase 
its territory so as to endanger the independence of 
any other country, (e) Chas. Sumner, in discussing 
the depredations of the Alabama and other ships, 
asserted that England was liable for consequential 
or indirect damages, as well as for those directly com- 
mitted. Thus, the interruption of commerce and the 
cost of pursuing the Confederate cruisers would be 
classed as consequential damages. 

(3) "Love's Labor's Lost;" "King Lear;' 1 
"Much Ado About Nothing;" "All's Well thai 
Ends Well;" "Much Ado About Nothing." 

(4) Sir Walter Scott ; Dr. Samuel Johnson ; Man 
N. Murfree; Charles Lamb; Joel Chandler Harris. 

(5) Percy Bysshe Shelley. 

(6) Charlotte Bronte* ; Jean Paul Fried rich Rich 
ter; Matthew Arnold; Alfred Tennyson; John Lo 
throp Motley. 

(7) (a) A great artist, (b) Noted for reforms i* 



82 SCHOOL-ROOM 

methods of teaching, (c) A celtbrated composer of 
music, (d) A noted naturalist, (e) A great poet. 

(8) Music, painting, poetry, and sculpture. 

(9) The difference in value between the exports and 
imports of a nation. 

(10) One who publishes books or any other writ- 
ings without the permission of the author. 



PRONOUNCING CONTEST— No. 4. 



Flagitious, acquiesce, inveighed (railed), elision, 
synchronous, mysticism, cataclysm, solstitial, cicerone, 
innoxious, emollient, tessellated, accoutrements, hal- 
lucination, abrasion, ricochet, surveillance, naive, en- 
core, prestige. 



SEAKCH- LIGHT. 



33 



TEST QUESTIONS— No. 5. 



Arithmetic. — (1) What kind of money would ex- 
press the face value of a draft on a bank in Great 
Britain; in France; in Belgium; in Switzerland; in 
Austria? 

(2) If when I buy goods the seller allows me a 
discount of 20%, and 15% off for cash, how much 
cash must I pay for a bill amounting to $450? 

(3) A well 3 feet in diameter has 10 feet of water 
in it. What is the weight of the water? (A cubic 
foot of water weighs 62 J pounds.) 

(4) What per cent, of an acre is a lot 125 feet 
long and 25 feet wide? „ . 

(5) A teacher receives $40 per month for nine 
months. His board costs him $3 per week ; books, 
association, and institute expenses, $30. What per 
cent, are his total expenses of his total wages. 



Language and Grammar. — (1) Give three nouns 
which denote plurality, but which have no plural 
termination. 

(2) Which is correct, the Misses Smithy or the 
Miss Smiths f 

(3) Correct the following, and give reasons : " He 



34 SCHOOL-ROOM 

is an alumni of Harvard;" "I had ought to go;" 
"There is no doubt but what it will rain." 

(4) Why is it wrong to use slang? 

(5) How many words are in the English lan- 
guage? What author has used the greatest number 
of different words? 

Geography. — (1) Name the seaport of each of the 
following-named cities: Peking, Lima, Santiago, 
Paris. 

(2) What are trade winds, anti-trade winds, and 
monsoons? 

(3) What causes waterspouts? 

(4) A country about the size of Maryland occu- 
pies a delta, has a population of between four and 
five millions, and an immense foreign commerce. 
Name the country, and its principal cities. 

(5) Where is the zone of calms, and what causes it ? 



United States History. — (1) Name all the Presi- 
idents of the United States who were lawyers. 

(2) What did the free soil party advocate? How 
long did the party last? 

(3) A certain man sat in the house of representa- 
tives and United States senate as a democrat; after- 
wards sat in the senate as a republican. He was 
vice president of the United States and minister to 
Spain. Name him. 



SEARCH-LIGHT. 35 

(4) A certain man served in the house of repre- 
sentatives; was postmaster general, and associate 
jusiice of the supreme court of the United States. 
Name him, and state what connection he had with an 
important decision of the court. 

(5) What was the X. Y. Z. mission? 



General Information. — (1) What is meant by the 
" postal union"? 

(2) What is meant by "rider" in legislation? 

(3) What island has two republics? Name them. 

(4) What is meant by "subsidy"? Give an illus- 
tration. 

(5) When was the bureau of education estab- 
lished? Describe briefly its work. 

(6) What is the difference between a government 
de facto and a government de jure? 

(7) Name the author of each of the following- 
named works : " Citizen of the World," " Society and 
Solitude," "Jersusalem Delivered," "The Stones of 
Venice," "Hudibras." 

(8) What is the Rosetta stone ? 

(9) Why was Cleopatra's needle so called? 

(10) What is meant by international law? 



3(3 SCHOOL-ROOM 

ANSWERS TO TEST QUESTIONS 

No. 5. 

Arithmetic. — (1) Pounds; francs; francs; francs; 
florins. 

(2) $450 less 20%=$360. 15% of $360 = $54. 

$360 — $54 = $306. 

(3) Radius is 1.5 ft. Area of bottom of well is 
3.1416X(1.5) 2 ; 3.1416X2.25 = 7.0686 sq. ft. Cu- 
bic feet of water is 7.0686X10 = 70.686. Weight 
of water is 70.686 X62J = 4417.875 lbs. 

(4) There are 43560 sq. ft. in an acre. In the 
lot required there are 125X25 = 3125 sq. ft. 3125 
sq. ft. is 7+ % of 43560 sq. ft. Hence, the lot is 7+ 
% of an acre. 

(5) Total earnings = $360. Total expenses = 

$138. $138 is 38J% f ^60. 



Language and^Grammar. — (1) Cavalry, infantry, 
cattle. 

(2) Authorities conflict. The latter form is sanc- 
tioned by the highest authority. 

(3) "He is an alumnus of Harvard." Alumni is 
plural. "I ought to go." Ought is a defective verb, 
and has no participle with which to form the perfect 
tense. "There is no doubt but it will rain." But 
what is a barbarism. 



SEARCH-LIGHT. 37 

(4) Slang is not in accordance with good use. It 
introduces confusion and barbarism. 

(5) Probably over 100,000. Shakespeare, who 
uses 15,000. 

Geography. — (1) Peking, Tientsin; Lima, Callao; 
Santiago, Valparaiso; Paris, Havre. 

(2) Winds in the torrid zone, and often a little be- 
yond it, which blow from the same quarter through- 
out the year, except when affected by local causes; 
so called because of their usefulness to navigators, 
and, hence, to trade. They are caused by the joint 
effect of the rotation of the earth and the movement 
of the air from the polar to the equatorial regions to 
supply the vacancy caused by heating, rarefaction, 
and consequent ascent of the air in the latter regions. 
Their general direction on the north side of the equa- 
tor is from northeast to southwest, and from southeast 
to northwest on the south side of the equator, (b) 
Are found in temperate latitudes. They blow from 
the southwest in the north temperate, and from the 
northwest in the south temperate zone. -They are 
separated from the trade winds by the calms of cancer 
and the calms of Capricorn, (c) Winds which blow 
half the year in one direction, and the other half in 
an opposite direction. They usually prevail on the 
western and southern coasts of continents. 

(3) Is formed by a tornado passing over a body 
of water. Waterspouts are most prevalent on the 
ocean. 



38 SCHOOL-ROOM 

(4) Holland. Amsterdam, Haarlem, Leyden, The 
Hague, Rotterdam, Utrecht. 

(5) The equatorial belt of calms and rains lies en- 
tirely to the north of the equator. It is caused by 
the trades blowing in opposite directions, north and 
south of the equator. It lies north of the line, on 
account of the heating influence of the greater mass 
of land in the northern hemisphere. 



United States History. — (1) John Adams, Thomas 
Jefferson, John Quincy Adams, Andrew Jackson, 
Martin Van Buren, John Tyler, James K. Polk, 
Millar d Fillmore, Franklin Pierce, James Buchanan, 
Abraham Lincoln, Rutherford B. Hayes, James A. 
Garfield, Chester A. Arthur, Grover Cleveland, Ben- 
jamin Harrison. 

Note. — Jas. Madison and Jas. Monroe were law students. 

(2) The obligation of Congress to confine slavery 
to the slave states, and to refuse its admission into 
the territories. From 1848 to 1856. 

(3) Hannibal Hamlin. 

(4) John McLean. He wrote the dissenting opin- 
ion in the "Dred Scott" case, in which he held that 
slavery had its origin in force, not in right; nor in 
general law, to which it is opposed, but in local law, 
which cannot be respected by national courts. 

(5) The X. Y. Z. letters were written to the United 
States commissioners to negotiate a treaty with France 
by men who styled themselves X. ; Y., and Z., pro- 



SEARCH-LIGHT. 39 

posing to exact a loan from the United States as the 
price of peace with France. These men acted under 
instructions from the French minister, Tallyrand, 
who lied to save himself from the infamy of the 
transaction. Pinckney, one of the commissioners, is 
said to have replied to the corruptors : " Millions for 
defense — not a cent for tribute." The language he 
did use was not so bombastic, but it meant the same. 
The X. Y. Z. mission, as it was called, failed in 1798, 
during John Adams's administration, and almost 
precipitated a war with France. 



General Information.— {I) A union for postal 
purposes, entered into by the most important powers 
or governments, such as England, France, Germany, 
United States, etc., which have agreed to transport 
mail matter through their respective territories at a 
stipulated price or rate. 

(2) A "rider" is an additional clause annexed to 
a bill while in course of passing, generally imposing 
something extra or burdensome upon the measure 
which could not be enacted into a law if standing 
upon its own merits. 

(3) The island of Hayti. The republics of Hayti 
and San Domingo. 

(4) In international law, a subsidy is a sum of 
money paid by one sovereign or nation to another to 
purchase the cooperation or the neutrality of such 
sovereign or nation in war. England subsidized 
Austria to join the coalition against Napoleon in 1812, 



40 SCHOOL-ROOM 

by an offer of £10,000,000 sterling, and Napoleon 
had previously subsidized Prussia in 1804, by tempt- 
ing that nation with the possession of Hanover. 

(5) In 1867, "a department of education" was 
established at Washington, for the purpose of collect- 
ing statistics showing the condition and progress of 
education in the states and territories, and for diffus- 
ing such information as might promote the cause of 
education throughout the country. Congress changed 
this to "the office of education" in 1868, and made 
it a part of the department of the interior. The 
chief officer is styled the commissioner of education. 
The present commissioner is Dr. W. T. Harris. 

(6) A government de facto is a government in fact, 
without regard to whether it is a legal or rightful 
government. A government de jure is one which is 
supported by law. Thus, during the revolution, 
Congress was the government de facto of the colonies, 
while England was the government de jure. When 
England recognized the independence of the colonies, 
Congress became the government de jure as well as 
de facto. 

(7) Goldsmith, Ralph W. Emerson, Tasso, Ruskin, 
Butler. 

(8) A stone found at Rosetta, in England, contain- 
ing a trilingual inscription, by which, together with 
other inscriptions, a key was found by the use of 
which the hieroglyphics of Egypt are deciphered. 

(9) Each of two rose-colored syenite obelisks, 



SEARCH-LIGHT. 41 

standing near the site of Alexandria, Egypt, for 
2,000 years, bears this name. It is not known why 
they,- were so called, because they were originally 
erected at Heliopolis, probably during the reign of 
Rameses II. It is thought the name may be derived 
from the fact that the Romans placed them near 
Alexandria in the reign of Cleopatra. One of these 
obelisks was presented by the khedive of Egypt to 
England, and was removed to the bank of the Thames; 
the other was given to the United States, and *now 
stands in Central park, New York. 

(10) Rules governing international intercourse, 
drawn from usage, diplomatic discussions, text-books, 
and treaties. 



PRONOUNCING CONTEST— No. 5. 



Fiancee, carotid, accompaniment, abysmal, caseous, 
dynamo, heigh-ho, medicament, orchid, recipe, basalt, 
parabola, tonsilitis, ribald, zodiacal, ibid, anchovy, 
herculean, trachea, liniment, lineament. 



42 SCHOOL-ROOM 



TEST QUESTIONS — No. 6. 



Arithmetic. — (1) If my plow cuts 18 inches wide, 
how many times must I plow around a circular 
quarter-section to plow one-half of it? 

(2) In a two-thirds pitch roof, what is the length 
of the rafters, if the building is 36 feet wide? 

(3) What rate per cent, does a bank make on its 
money by loaning it on 90-day paper? 

(4) What is an annuity? 

(5) What is the metric system? 



Language and Grammar. — (1) What is meant by 
strong and weak verbs? 

(2) Write the plural for 9, +, a, box, calf, ox, 
mouse, manservant, memorandum, money. 

(3) Distinguish between the two figures of speech, 
metaphor and simile. 

(4) Can perfect j full and round be compared? 
Reason for answer. 

(5) Which of these expressions is correct : " I will 
see you again, and your hearts shall rejoice."e "I 
shall see you again, and your hearts will rejoice." 



SEARCH-LIGHT. 43 

Geography. — (1) How does the domestic com- 
merce of the United States compare with its foreign 
commerce? 

(2) How is the District of Columbia governed ? 

(3) Explain "standard time." 

(4) What constitutes the empire of Japan? 

(5) What and where is the lowest land of the 
earth's surface? 



United States History. — (1) For what public act 
was George Washington so censured that he declared 
"he would rather be in his grave than in the presi- 
dency"? Explain that measure. 

(2) What was the "gunboat system"® Who was 
its author? 

(3) What and when was the "era of good feeling"? 

(4) What was done by the "Poland committee"? 
by the "Potter committee"? 

(5) What are the chief provisions of the inter- 
state commerce act? 

(6) What is a "bill of rights"? 

(7) Was Andrew Johnson impeached? Reason 
for answer. 

(8) What are the sole powers of the house of rep- 
resentatives? 

(9) Give the name and address of each member of 
Congress from the state of Kansas. 



44 SCHOOL-KOOM 

(10) What is the highest office ever held by a 
Kansas man? Did more than one Kansan ever hold 
that office? Name him or them. 



General Information. — (1) What is the civil day? 
When did the day begin for the Puritans? 

(2) What is the origin of each of the following 
phrases: "Little Church Around the Corner," "Lit- 
tle Corporal," "Little Giant," "Little Go," "Little 
Mac," "Little Rhody." 

(3) A literary character composed the following 

enigma: 

" We are little airy creatures, 
All of different voice and features; 
One of us in glass is set, 
One of us you '11 find in jet, 
T' other you may see in tin, 
And the fourth a box within. 
If the fifth you should pursue, 
It can never fly from you." 

What is the author's name? Give title to his 
greatest work. Solve the enigma. 

(4) Point out the distinction between a college 
and a university. Where are the following-named 
institutions situated: Yale, Leyden, Harvard, Glas- 
gow, Oxford, Berlin, Cambridge, Johns Hopkins. 
Which are colleges? Which universities? State an 
interesting fact connected with each. 

(5) What is a wedge verse? 

(6) What is a "red -letter day"® 



SEAKCH-LIGHT. 45 

(7) What is the origin of "In hoe signo vinoes"? 

(8) What is the middle kingdom? 

(9) Who was the mistress of the Adriatic f 

(10) What is wrong with this quotation from 
Coleridge's "Ancient Mariner": 

"Clomb above the eastern bar 
The horned moon, with one bright star 
Within the nether tip." 



ANSWERS TO TEST QUESTIONS 
No. 6. 

Arithmetic— {I) 160 acres = 160X1 60 = 25,600 
sq. rds.= area. 

1/25,600-7-3.1416 = 90.2+ rds., radius of field. 
\ of 160 acres = 80 acres = remainder in circular 
form. 80 acres= 12,800 sq. rds. V 12,800-4-3.1416 
= 63.8 = radius of remainder. 90.2 — 63.8 = 26.4 
rds., width of part plowed. 26.4 rds. = 5,227.2 in. 
5,227.2 -v- 18 = 290.4, number of times plowed 
around. 

(2) Height of pitch is f of 36 = 24 ft. Then we 
have a right-angled triangle with 24 ft. for perpen- 
dicular, \ width of house for base (18 ft.), and the 
rafter for hypotenuse. 

i/(24) 2 +(12) 2 =30, length of rafter from wall of 
house to top of roof. 



46 SCHOOL-ROOM 

(3) By interest tables, the interest on $1 for 93 
days at 6 % = 2 cents. Then the bank makes 2 cents 
on 98 cents in each 93 days, or 8 % yearly. 

(4) A sum of money to be paid annually or at 
stated intervals of time. 

(5) A system of weights and measures based upon 
a unit called a meter, which is one ten-millionth part 
of the distance from the equator to either pole meas- 
ured on the earth's surface at the level of the sea. 

It was first devised and adopted in France; but is 
now used in many countries, especially in scientific 
laboratory work. 

Language and Grammar. — (1) Weak verbs are 
those which form the past indicative and the partici- 
ple by adding ed to the present: move, moved, moved. 
Strong verbs undergo a radical change in form to ex- 
press change in principal parts : go, went, gone. 

(2) 9's, -j-'s, a's, boxes, calves, oxen, mice, men- 
servants, memoranda (or memorandums), moneys. 

(3) Metaphor institutes comparison by using the 

like thing for the thing with which it is compared : 

"Now is the winter of our discontent made glorious sum- 
mer." 

(3) Simile states the comparison by words express- 
ing the resemblance. "Concealment like a worm i ? 
the bud." In the following, metaphor and simile are 

combined : 

"I have ventured, 
Like little wanton boys that swim on bladders, 
These many summers in a sea of glory." 



SEAKCH-LIGHT. 47 

(4) Yes. Language is but the expression of lim- 
ited ( human thought and achievement. Humanly 
speaking, a round thing may be made rounder ; a 
'perfect thing, more perfect; and a full thing, fuller. 

(5) The first expresses determination and obliga- 
tion ; the second, futurity. If you wish, then, to ex- 
press determination, use the former; if futurity, the 
latter. 

Geography. — (1) The former is about seven times 
greater than the latter. 

(2) By Congress. 

(3) Civil time, established by law or usage over a 
region or country. In England, it is Greenwich. In 
the United States, four standards have been adopted 
by the railroads and accepted by the people. These 
are the mean local times of the 75th, 90th, 105th, 
and 120th meridians west of Greenwich. These 
times, beginning with the 75th, are called eastern, 
central, mountain, and Pacific, respectively, and are 
five, six, seven and eight hours slower than Green- 
wich time. 

(4) A large number of islands. 

(5) The Dead sea, in Palestine, 1,300 feet below 
sea level. 



United States History. — (1) For signing Jay's 
treaty with England. It was a treaty made by John 
Jay to avoid war with England. It secured much- 



48 SCHOOL-EOOM 

needed peace to the United States; but it left En- 
gland free to impress American ^seamen, and shut 
America out of the West India trade. 

(2) It was a plan proposed by Thomas Jefferson 
to build a large number of small gunboats to protect 
American commerce against the depredations of Eng- 
land. He advocated the use of the gunboats as be- 
ing more economical than men-of-war. 

(3) After the war of 1812, until J. Q. Adams's 
administration, there was but one political party, the 
republican ; hence the period is called the " Era of 
Good Feeling." 

(4) (a) It investigated the transactions by which 
the "Credit Mobilier," a corporation organized to 
contract for the building of the Union Pacific rail- 
road, had corruptly tampered with members of Con- 
gress. So called from its chairman, L. P. Poland, of 
Vermont. The committee, on the 18th of February, 
1873, recommended the expulsion of Oakes Ames, 
of Massachusetts, for bribery, and of James Brooks, 
of New York, for accepting bribes. The house modi- 
fied the expulsion into a vote of absolute condemna- 
tion. Both men died within three months afterward. 
(b) It investigated the alleged frauds during the elec- 
tion of 1876 in many states. It unexpectedly un- 
earthed the "cypher telegrams," sent by persons 
very closely related to Mr. Samuel J. Tilden, which 
attempted to corrupt certain election returning boards. 
It was named from C. N. Potter, its chairman. 



SEARCH-LIGHT. 49 

(5) Appointment of five members of a commission, 
which shall regulate the commerce between the states, 
prevent discrimination in rates, the pooling of freights 
by different roads, and the dividing of earnings 
amongst different roads. 

(6) A statement of personal rights and privileges 
guaranteed to citizens by the fundamental laws of the 
state. 

(7) Yes. Impeached means accused and held for 
trial. He was impeached, but not convicted. 

(8) To judge of the qualifications of its own mem- 
bers; to make its own rules and regulations; to im- 
peach officers of the government; to originate bills for 
revenue; to choose its own officers; to choose the 
President, in event of electoral college failing to 
choose ; to compel the attendance of its members and 
punish for contempt; to expel members. 

(9) John Martin, senator, Topeka. 
W. A. Peffer, senator, Topeka. 

EBPKESENTATIVES. 

Case Broderick, First district, Holton. 
H. L. Moore, Second district, Lawrence. 
T. J. Hudson, Third district, Fredonia. 
Charles Curtis, Fourth district, Topeka. 
John Davis, Fifth district, Junction City. 
Wm. Baker, Sixth district, Lincoln. 
Jerry Simpson, Seventh district, Medicine 
Lodge. 

W. A. Harris, Congressman at large, 
Linwood. 



50 SOHOOL-EOOM 

(10) (a) President of the senate. (6) No. (c) 
John James Ingalls. 



General Information. — (1) (a) The period of time 
recognized by law as comprised within the word 
"day." With us it extends from midnight to mid- 
night. (6) At 6 o'clock in the afternoon. 

(2) " Little Church Around the Corner:" George 
Holland, an actor, died in 1870. The first clergy- 
man to whom the family applied refused to bury him, 
because of his "sinful business." He told them, how- 
ever, to go to "the little church around the corner." 
They did so, and the rector, Doctor Houghton, con- 
sented. The occurrence made the church very pop- 
ular, and an instrument of great good. The church 
is the Church of the Transfiguration, in Twenty- 
ninth street, New York. It is a Protestant Episcopal 
society. "Little Corporal:" A title of endearment 
given to Napoleon Bonaparte by his soldiers after 
the battle of Lodi. He was, at that time, small and 
slender. "Little Giant:" A name given to Stephen 
A. Douglas, because of his small stature associated 
with his great intellect. "Little Go:" A public ex- 
amination in Cambridge University, which is so 
called because it is held early in the course, and is 
neither so strict nor searching as is the final exami- 
nation. "Little Mac:" A familiar title given to 
Gen. George B. McClellan by his admiring soldiers. 
It was used as a political sobriquet for him during 
the presidential contest of 1864. "Little Rhody:" 



SEARCH-LIGHT. 51 

Nickname for Rhode Island, the smallest state in the 
union. 

(3) (a) Jonathan (Dean) • Swift. (6) Gulliver's 
Travels, (c) The vowels, a, e, i, o, and u. 

(4) "A college is a society of scholars or friends of 
learning, incorporated for study or instruction, es- 
pecially in higher branches of learning." 

"A university is an institution organized and in- 
corporated for the purpose of imparting instruction, 
examining students, and otherwise promoting educa- 
tion in the higher branches of literature, science, art, 
etc., and empowered to confer degrees in the several 
arts and faculties, as in theology, law, medicine, 
music, etc. A university may exist without having 
any college connected with it, or it may consist of 
but one college, or it may comprise an assemblage of 
colleges, established in any place, with professors for 
instructing students in the sciences and other branches 
of learning." — Webster' } s International Dictionary. 

Yale. — New Haven, Conn., lately was changed in 
name from a college to a university. 

Ley den. — Leyden, Holland, instituted to commem- 
orate the heroic defense of the city in the sixteenth 
century, in the struggle for independence. 

Harvard. — Cambridge, Mass., first college estab- 
lished in America. Supported for a time by tuitions 
paid "in kind," that is, corn, potatoes, or other farm 
products. 

Glasgow. — Glasgow, Scotland, noted for the great 



52 SCHOOL-ROOM 

men who have been its lord rector from time to time* 
Carlyle was one of them. 

Oxford. — Oxford, England, the great school in 
England for tories. 

Berlin. — Berlin, Germany, is the youngest, but 
most influential, of Prussian universities, and, next 
to Leipsic, stands at the head of German universities. 

Cambridge. — Cambridge, England, one of the old- 
est and most renowned educational institutions of the 
English. It occupies the same relation to the whigs 
and radicals that Oxford does to the conservatives 
and tories. 

Johns Hopkins. — Baltimore, Md., the most noted 
university in the United States, whose students en- 
gage in original investigations. 

All are universities. 

(5) A verse in which each succeeding word has 
more syllables than has the word preceding it: 

"Hope ever solaces miserable individuals." 

(6) It is a fortunate day. It was an ancient cus- 
tom to mark holidays on calendars in red ink. In 
church calendars the saints 7 days are still so marked, 
and in the Episcopal prayer book saints' days fre- 
quently are designated by red-ink letters; hence the 
name "rubric." 

(7) Constantine the Great is said to have seen this 
motto accompanying the monogram XP in the sky. 
The XP are the first two letters of the Greek word 
translated Christ. He adopted the monogram for 
his standard. 



SEARCH-LIGHT. 53 

(8) China. 

(9) Venice. 

(10) The horned moon never appears in the east. 



PRONOUNCING CONTEST— No. 6. 



Project (noun), project (verb), permit (verb), per- 
mit (noun), apropos, cheer, abstract, exhaust, litera- 
ture, suspiciou, pronunciation, debt, sear, seer, tack, 
tact, gin, feint, sluice, slough. 



54 SCHOOL-ROOM 



TEST QUESTIONS— No. 7. 



Arithmetic — (1) Find the area of a square field 
whose diagonal is 8.284 rods longer than its side. 

(2) How many sq. yds. of cloth will make a con- 
ical tent 10 ft. in diameter and 12 ft. high. 

(3) Find the value of : 15-f9-f-3 — 2X3. 

(4) My U. S. 5's yield 7 per cent. At what dis- 
count were they bought? 

(5) I bought a lot for $100 on a credit of six 
months, and sold it at once for $200 cash. What 
did I gain, money being worth 6 per cent.? 



Language and Grammar. — (1) Define foot, meter 
and rhyme, as used in prosody. 

(2) What is the plural of temperance, scales, deer, 
species? 

(3) Correct such of the following as are incorrect, 
and give reasons for correction : 

(a) Let everyone attend to their work. 
(6) I knew it to be he. 

(c) It is him whom you saw. 

(d) I saw him entering the gate and ring the bell. 

(e) You is the second person. 



SEARCH-LIGHT. 55 

(4) CoDJugate "go" in the present subjunctive. 

(5) Write the possessives, plural and siDgular, of 
woman, fox, sheep, turkey, lady, it, she, I, and 
which. 



Geography. — (1) Where are days and nights al- 
ways of equal length? 

(2) Why is the climate of northern Europe 
warmer than that of North America in the same 
latitude? 

(3) There are 10 seas in and around Europe. 
Name them. 

(4) Name and locate the five largest cities in the 
United States. 

(5) Give the boundaries of the United States in 
degrees of latitude and longitude. 



United States History. — (1) How and where did 
England acquire Canada? 

(2) What led to the colonization of Ehode Island? 

(3) How were the colonies governed during the 
revolution? 

(4) What armies were engaged in the battles of 
Antietam, Stone River, and Gettysburg? Who were 
the generals? Who were victors? 

(5) What association have the following phrases 
with our history: "Tippecanoe and Tyler too," "Old 



56 SCHOOL-EOOM 

Hickory," "Young Hickory," " 54-40 or fight," 
" Unconditional Surrender." 



General Information. — (1) Name the "Lake 
Poets." Why so called? 

(2) Where is the "Land of inverted order"? 
Explain the phrase. 

(3) Give the origin of the term "lynch law." 

(4) Where is the best prose description of " man " 
in secular literature? Reproduce the description. 

(5) Is there such a thing as the "music of the 
spheres"? Explain the myth. 

(6) What nations protect authors by copyright for 
all time? 

(7) Who was the author of "Ca ira," the refrain 
of the French revolutionary air? 



ANSWERS TO TEST QUESTIONS 

No. 7. 

Arithmetic. — (1) Since the field is square, the sides 
are of equal length, and the diagonal separates the 
field into two right-angled triangles. Taking one of 
these triangles, we have the hypotenuse (8.284 rods) 
given to find its area. Let the letter a represent 
the length of each of the sides (base and altitude). 



SEAKCH- LIGHT. 57 



Then Va 2 + a 2 =aV2 = 1.4142 X a. By conditions 
given, 1.4142a — a = 8.284 rods, or .4142a = 8.284 
rods. Then a = .^ff-f- rods = 20 rods, one side. The 
area is equal to base multiplied by altitude. 20 2 
rods = 400 sq. rods, or 400-^-160 = 2J acres, area 
of field. 



(2) Slant height of cone=i/12 2 + 5 2 =13. Half 
slant height = 6.5 feet. Circumference of base = 
10 X 3.1416 = 31.416 feet. Then, 31.416 X 6.5 = 
204.204 sq. ft. = 22.689 sq. yds. 

(3) Multiplication and division must be performed 
first. 15^(9-^3) — (2X3) = 15 + 3 — 6 = 12. 

(4) A U. S. 5 % bond draws $5 yearly. Then, 
$5 = 7% of cost. 100% of cost=ifQ-of $5 = $71f 
$100 — $7~"lf = $28f, the discount. $28f-j-100 = 
28f%, the rate of discount. 

(5) Four solutions. First solution : $200 — $1 00 
= part of gain. 3 % of $100 = $3, which is a gain 
in interest. Hence, $103 is the gain. Second solu- 
tion: $100 -f interest of $200 for six months at 6 % 
= $106. Third solution: If I do not pay interest 
on $100 for six months I gain: $100-^-1.03 = 
$97,087, presentworth. $200 — $97.087 = $102.913. 
Fourth solution: I set apart $100 of the $200 re- 
ceived to meet my payment at the close of the six 
months. Then, $100 is my gain. 



Language and Grammar. — (1) (a) A division of 
a verse in poetry, consisting of syllables combined 



58 SOHOOL-KOOM 

according to accent, (b) Meter is the arrangement 
of a certain number of feet in a verse, (c) Rhyme 
is that kind of poetry in which there is a correspond- 
ence of sound in the last syllable of two or more 
verses. 

(2) (a) Has no plural. (6) Plural form ; has no 
singular, (c and d) Same form in both numbers. 

(3) (a) "Let everyone attend to his work." Sin- 
gular antecedent, "everyone," requires singular pro- 
noun, " his." (6) " I knew it to be him." Pronoun is 
object of the verb "knew," and should have objective 
form, (c) "It is he whom you saw." Pronoun is 
predicate of sentence, and should have nominative 
form, (d) "I saw him enter the gate and ring the 
bell." Coordinate constructions should have tie same 
verb form, (e) "You" is not the second person. It 
is simply of the second person; that is, "you" is a 
form of the second person. 

(4) If I go. If we go. 
If you go. If you go. 
If he go. If they go. 

The third person singular is the only distinctive 
subjunctive form in the present subjunctive. 

(5) SINGULAB. PLUKAL. SINGULAB. PLUBAL. 

Woman's, women's, lady's. ladies', 

fox's. foxes'. its. theirs or their, 

sheep's. sheep's, hers or her. theirs or their, 
turkey's, turkeys', whose. whose. 



SEARCH-LIGHT. 59 

Geography. — (1) At the equator. 

(2) Because of the Gulf Stream, which almost 
washes the shores of northern Europe. 

(3) White, Caspian, Black, Marmora, Archipelago, 
Adriatic, Mediterranean, Irish, North, Baltic. 

(4) Censusofl890: New York, N.Y., 1,515,301; 
Chicago, 111., 1,099,850; Philadelphia, Pa., 1,046,964; 
Brooklyn, N. Y, 806,343; St. Louis, Mo., 451,770. 

(5) Main territory of United States: Latitude, 
24° 20' N. to 49° 10' N. at the Lake of the Woods; 
longitude, 66° 56' 48" W. to 124° 30' W. from 
Greenwich. Alaska: Latitude, 52° 2' N. to 71° 27' 
K; longitude, about 131° W. to 167° E. from 
Greenwich. 



United States History. — (1) By the French and 
Indian war. The treaty at the close of the war in 
1763 ceded Canada to England. 

(2) The flight of Roger Williams from Salem be- 
cause of his religious belief. 

(3) By Congress. 

(4) (a) The union and rebel armies were the 
combatants in all three. (6) Antietam: Federal, 
George B. McClellan; rebel, Robert E. Lee. Stone 
River or Murfreesboro : Federal, W. S. Rosecrans; 
rebel, Braxton Bragg. Gettysburg : Federal, George 
G. Meade; rebel, Robert E. Lee. (c) The union 
army was victorious in each conflict. 



GO SCHOOL-ROOM 

(5) (a) It was the campaign cry of the whig party 
in 1840, and referred to their nominees for the presi- 
dency and vice presidency, William Henry Harrison, 
the victor in the battle of Tippecanoe, during the In- 
dian war of 1811, and John Tyler. (6) A sobriquet 
of Andrew Jackson, suggested by his unbending dis- 
position and powers of endurance, (c) Applied to 
Pres. James K. Polk, who came from Tennessee, the 
state in which Andrew Jackson lived, (d) The al- 
ternative war cry of the democratic party in 1845, 
meaning the northern boundary between the United 
States and British America should be 54° 40' north 
latitude, or there would be war. Wiser heads pre- 
vailed, and compromise treaty in 1846 fixed the 
boundary at the forty-ninth parallel, (e) A name 
applied to General Grant, from the phrase, "uncon- 
ditional surrender," which occurred in his short, terse 
reply to General Buckner's proposition for terms to 
capitulate Fort Donelson. 



General Information. — (1) (a) Wordsworth, Cole- 
ridge, and Southey. (6) From their place of resi- 
dence, near the lakes of Cumberland. 

(2) (a) Australia. (6) On account of its peculiar 
plants and animals. For a delightfully humorous 
description of them, see Sydney Smith's "Essays." 

(3) Summary justice at the hands of a mob. Dates 
back to revolutionary times, when Charles Lynch, 
Robert Adams and Thomas Calloway organized an 
informal court in Virginia, to protect society and 



SEARCH-LIGHT. 61 

punish outlaws and traitors. They never, however, 
inflicted the death penalty. Their punishments in- 
cluded flogging, hanging by the thumbs, banish- 
ment, etc. 

(4) (a) Shakespeare's Hamlet, act 2, scene 2. (b) 
" What a piece of work is a man ! How noble in 
reason ! how infinite in faculty ! in form and moving 
how express and admirable ! in action how like an 
angel ! in apprehension how like a god ! " 

(5) (a) No. (6) The disciples of Pythagoras im- 
ported the idea into Europe from Asia. According 
to their belief, the "seven wandering stars," Mer- 
cury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, the Sun, and 
Moon, were each attuned to a note in the harmonic 
scale, and sounded in accord as they moved through 
space. 

(6) Mexico, Guatemala, and Venezuela. 

(7) Benjamin Franklin. 



PRONOUNCING CONTEST— No. 7. 



Trosseau, fuchsia, conscionable, exhilarate, souvenir, 
abstemious, precocious, lacquer, cuirass, sough, con- 
noisseur, silhouette, bivouac, reveille, omniscient, ptar- 
migan, sacerdotal, verdigris, surreptitious, regime. 



f>2 SCHOOL-KOOM 



TEST QUESTIONS— No. 8. 



Arithmetic. — (1) The product of two numbers is 
117, and their quotient is 1.4. Find the numbers. 

(2) Prove the following to be unsolvable: Find 
the area of a triangle whose sides are 9, 14 and 5 rods. 

(3) A triangular field, whose sides are 40, 50 and 
60 rods respectively, has a fence built from the mid- 
dle point of the 50~rod side to the middle point of the 
60-rod side. How long is the fence? 

(4) One hundred and thirty-five men agree to do- 
nate all the money that could be raised by the first 
man paying one cent, the second two cents, the third 
three cents, etc., to a charitable institution. How 
much was raised? 

(5) A certain number divided by 11 leaves a 
remainder of 9; divided by 9, leaves a remainder of 
6 ; by 7, leaves a remainder of 5 ; by 5, leaves a re- 
mainder of 4. What is the number? 



Grammar. — (1) Write the synopses of have, be 
and do in the first person, singular, indicative. 

(2) Give an example of the regular comparison of 
an adjective; of the irregular. 



SEARCH-LIGHT. 63 

(3) Can you naine one each of the different parts 
of speech that occur in this question ? Do so. 

(4) Write a sentence containing a pronoun used 
as an attribute; as an appositive. 

(5) Write a sentence whose subject is modified by 
a word, a phrase, and a clause. 



Geography. — (1) Name four great races of men, 
and a country in which each is the ruling race. 

(2) Locate Fortress Monroe, Corea, Herat, Syd- 
ney, Terra del Fuego. 

(3) (a) In what direction from the tropic of Can- 
cer is the tropic of Capricorn? (b) How far? 

(4) Through what countries does the Arctic circle 
pass ? 

(5) Name three food products exported in large 
quantities from the United States. 



United States History. — (1) What two things, at 
least, were settled by the civil war? 

(2) What President of the United States learned 
to write after he was married? Who was his teacher? 

(3) Who were the "carpetbaggers"? 

(4) What was the "Mafia" difficulty in New Or- 
leans? 

(5) What is the "Chinese exclusion act" ? 



64 SCHOOL-ROOM 

General Information. — (1) What is the cause of 
the present difficulty between China and Japan? v 

(2)CWhy are the following phrases of general in- 
terest in Kansas this summer: "16 to 1" "woman 
suffrage," "Wilson bill," "McKinley bill"? 

(3) Is there more than one " No Man's Land " in 
the United States? Give history. 

(4) What literary man proposed a "ninth beati- 
tude"? Give text of the proposed blessing. 

(5) Who wrote the following: "Maud," "Evan- 
geline," "Snow Bound," " Thanatopsis," "The Spy," 
"The Legend of Sleepy Hollow," "The Washer- 
woman's Song," "The Story of a Country Town," 
"A Kansan Abroad," "Blue Grass"? 



ANSWERS TO TEST QUESTIONS 

No. 8. 

Arithmetic. — (1) The product of two numbers, 
divided by the quotient of the less into the greater, 
is equal to the square of the less. 

117 -f- 1.4 = 81, square of less. 

i/81 = 9, less number. 

9 X 1.4 = 13, greater number. 

(2) They cannot form a triangle, since one side 
(14) is as long as the other two (9 -j- 5). Any one 
side of a triangle is less than the sum of the other 



SEARCH-LIGHT. 65 

two sides. It may be proved in another way : The 
area of a triangle is equal to the continued product 
of the half sum of the sides and the several remain- 
ders obtained by subtracting each side separately 
from the half sum : 

9 + 5 + 14 = 28, whole sum. 

28-*- 2 = 14, half sum. 

14— 9 = 5 

14— 5 = 9 

14 — 14 = 0. 
Multiplying these remainders and the half sum 
together, we have : 5X9X0X14=0; consequently, 
there is no area. 

(3) It cuts the sides proportionally, and hence it 
is parallel to the 40-rod side. Then, since it cuts 
off half the sides, it must be half as long as the 40- 
rod side, or 20 rods. 

(4) First term is 1; last term is 135; number of 
terms is 135. To find the sum of the series, multi- 
ply half the sum of the first and last terms by the 
number of terms : 

1 +135 X 135 = 68 X 135 = 9180 cents, 
2 or, $91.80. 

(5) 11 + 9=20, the first condition. The least 
multiple of 11 that contains 9 with a remainder of 4 
is 22. Then 20 + 22 = 42, satisfies the first and 
second conditions. The next condition must be a 
multiple of 99, and contain 7 with a remainder of 5. 
This number is 495. 42 + 495 = 537, satisfying 



66 SCHOOL-ROOM 

iii at, second and third conditions. Similarly, 537 -f- 
2772 = 3309, the required number. 



Grammar. — (1) 






HAVE. 


BE. 


DO. 


Present, I have. 


I am. 


I do. 


Pres.perf. I have had. 


I have been. 


I have done, 


Past, I had. 


I was. 


I did. 


Past perf. I had had. 


I had been. 


I had done. 


Future, I shall have. 


I shall be. 


I shall do. 



Fut. perf. I shall have had. I shall have been. I shall have done. 

(2) (a) Regular: Sweet, sweeter, sweetest ; manly, 
more manly, most manly. (6) Irregular: Much, 
more, most. 

(3) Yes. "Can name" is a verb; "you" is a 
pronoun; "of" is a preposition; "different" is an 
adjective; "parts" is a noun. 

(4) (a) I am he. (b) You, you are the guilty one. 

(5) Desiring to do good, the brave men, whose 
names are here written, volunteered to go. 



Geography. — (1) The Caucasian in the United 
States of America; the Mongolian in China; the 
Ethiopian in Africa; the Malay in Java. 

(2) Virginia; a peninsula of northeastern Asia; 
a fortified town of Afghanistan ; a town of New South 
Wales, Australia; a group of islands off the southern 
extremity of South America. 

(3) (a) South. (6)47 degrees of latitude, approx- 
imately, 3,243 miles. 



SEARCH-LIGHT. 67 

(4) Norway, Sweden, Kussia in Europe, liussia in 
Asia, Greenland, touches Iceland, British America, 
Alaska. 

(5) Corn, wheat, beef and pork. 



United States History. — (1) The abolition of slav- 
ery, and the establishment of national supremacy over 
states rights. 

(2) (a) Andrew Johnson. (6) His wife. 

(3) At the close of the war the ignorant freedmen 
became the tools of unscrupulous men from other 
states, who worked upon the prejudices of the negroes 
and obtained office through their votes. Frequently 
these adventurers had no more property than could 
be carried in a carpetbag; hence the name. 

(4) The "Mafia" is a secret, oath-bound body of 
assassins in Italy. Immigrants from that country 
to this established a branch in the city of New Or- 
leans, and inaugurated a reign of terror by murderiDg 
those who sought to bring them to justice. At last 
a number of them were apprehended and tried. The 
jury, terrified, it is supposed, by the fate which would 
befall them from other members of the society not 
apprehended, should a verdict of guilty be rendered, 
acquitted them. The citizens of New Orleans rose 
in riot, and killed the prisoners in jail. This led to 
much correspondence between Italy and the United 
States, and for a time war seemed imminent. The 
diplomacy of James G. Blaine and the size of the 
United States averted the trouble. 



68 SCHOOL-ROOM 

(5) Au act passed in 1888 to prevent the immi- 
gration of Chinese laborers, who were ruining the 
rates of wages for all civilized laborers. 



General Information. — (1) In relation to the 
suzerainty of the kingdom of Corea, Japan main- 
tains that Japanese residents are not properly pro- 
tected in Corea, and she proposed great reforms in 
government for the Coreans. These reforms the 
Chinese combated, asserting that Corea is under her 
protection. Japan's plans would have made her the 
ruling power instead of China. The immediate cause 
of the war was, it is claimed by the Japanese, the 
want of protection to the lives and property of Jap- 
anese merchants in Corea, and a violation of Japan's 
nationality by assassinating political insurrectionists 
who had taken shelter under and were entitled to the 
protection of Japan's flag. 

(2) (a) The ratio at which the government should 
coin gold and silver. The "silver kings" insist that 
coinage shall be free at the ratio of 16 parts of silver 
to one of gold. The "gold bugs" insist the ratio 
should be higher, ranging from 19 to 28 parts of sil- 
ver to one of gold. (6) An amendment to the con- 
stitution extending the general right of suffrage to 
women is to be voted upon this fall, (c) A bill which 
took its name from Representative Wilson, of West 
Virginia. It was a bill to reduce the tariff, and 
looked toward free trade. It never became a law, 
a compromise between the tariff wing and the free- 



SEAKCH-LIGHT. 69 

trade wing of the democratic party being adopted 
instead, (d) The McKinley bill was a high-protect- 
ive measure adopted by the republicans, and repealed 
by the compromise on the Wilson bill above referred 
to. These two bills and their respective merits bring 
the whole question of tariff and free trade up for dis- 
cussion — a question that is always with us. 

(3) Yes; there are three such. The first, a long, 
narrow strip of land lying west of Indian Territory, 
north of Texas, east of New Mexico, and south of 
Kansas. None of these had jurisdiction over it; 
hence the name. It is now incorporated into Ok- 
lahoma territory. The second is a strip on the 
boundary between Pennsylvania and Delaware. The 
official surveys give it to Pennsylvania; but the 
people rote in Delaware, and the title deeds to their 
real estate are recorded in that state. The third is 
an uninhabited island near Martha's Vineyard, off 
the Massachusetts coast. 

(4) (a) Alexander Pope, (b) "Blessed is he who 
expects nothing; for he shall never be disappointed." 

(5) Tennyson, Longfellow, Whittier, Bryant, 
Cooper, Irving, Eugene Ware, Howe, Noble Pren- 
tis, John James Ingalls. 



70 SCHOOL-ROOM 

PRONOUNCING CONTEST— No. 8. - 



Subpoena, malleable, pedal, broncho, rigidity, an- 
chovy, leisure, corollary, cosine, gerrymander, ancil- 
lary, extraordinary, counsel, consul, refutable, 
inoculate, farrier, inttrpjlate, mandible, sleight. 



SEAKOH-LIGHT. 71 



TEST QUESTIONS— No. 9. 



Arithmetic. — (1) Given the sum and difference of 
two numbers, how would you find the less? 

(2) Where did the Arabic notation originate? 

(3) Two-thirds of the cube of a certain number 
is 10 more than the cube of its two-thirds. What 
is the number? 

(4) I can pick 40 bushels of potatoes or dig 20 
bushels in a day. How many bushels can I pick 
and dig in a week? 

(5) I buy a certain article by avoirdupois and sell 
by apothecaries' weight. Do I make or lose? How 
much? 

Grammar. — (1) Write the possessives of whoso- 
ever and whoever. 

(2) Distinguish between adjectives — attributive, 
predicate, and complement. Give examples of each. 

(3) Which of the following are correct? which 
incorrect? Reasons for answers, (a) These is the 
plural of this. (b) "We are agreed," says I. 
(c) Either you or I am going, (rf) What a beauti- 
ful phenomena ! (e) I knew it to be him. 



72 SCHOOL-ROOM 

(4) la regard to language, what is meant by good 
usage ? < 

(5) From what language are our st?*ong verbs de- 
rived ? 

■ V 

Geography. — (I) Which is longer, the solar or 
sidereal day? How much? Why? 

(2) What is the cause of the earth's revolution? 

(3) What and where is the Orange Free State? 

(4) How does Japan rank in civilization? 

(5) What influence have mountain systems upon 
the continent to which they belong? Illustrate. 



United States Ilis'ory. — (1) In what great Ameri- 
can state papers do the following occur: (a) "In the 
name of God, amen." (6) " When in the course of 
human events." (c) "We, the people of the United 
States." (d) "Congress shall make no law respect- 
ing an establishment of religion." (e) "Both read 
the same Bible, and pray to the same, God." 

(2) What states came into the union in each of the 
following years: 1790, 1820, 1850, 1890? 

(3) What was the "Quaker policy" of our gov- 
ernment? 

(4) Who were the "Mugwumps"? 

(5) What was the decision of the "Bering sea 
tribunal"? 



SEARCH-LIGHT. 73 

General Information.— (1) Who used the phrase, 
"Let no guilty man escape"? Under what circum- 
stances? 

(2) What is the meaning and origin of "O. K."? 

(3) Who was the "Old Public Functionary"? 
Why so called? 

(4) Tell the story of "The Great Bottle Hoax"? 

(5) Where do these characters figure: Sancho 
Panza, Salathiel, Tiny Tim, Jennie Dean, Amelia 
Sedley, Mtssala, Rasselas, Roger de Coverley, Uncle 
Tom. 



ANSWERS TO TEST QUESTIONS 

No. 9. 

Arithmetic. — (1) The sum of two numbers less 
their difference is twice the lesser number. 

(2) The characters and the decimal notation came 
from Hindostan. 

(3) Two-thirds of a number cubed = -f T of the 
tube of the number. The f of the cube, if,— 2*7 
=|f, and ft = 10; whence, f-f = 27, the cube of 
the number. The number then is #"27 = 3. 

(4) I can pick twice as many as I can dig; there- 
fore I must dig twice as long as I pick. Then I 
must dig 4 days and pick 2, 20 X 4 = 80 bushels. 



74 SCHOOL-KOOM 

(5) You make 17f%; 1 lb. av.= 7000 grs. ; lib. 
ap. = 5760 grs. Difference gained is 1240 grs., 
which is 17f % of 7000 grs. 



Grammar . — (1) Whosesoever, whoseever. 

(2) Attributive adjectives are those which are used 
to modify nouns directly; as, A good man. Adjec- 
tives, predicate and complement, are interchangeable 
terms used to designate adjectives employed to com- 
plete predication; as, He is sick. 

(3) (a) Is correct, "these," as here used, being a 
noun in the singular number. (6) Should read "say 
I." The form of the verb should be first person, 
singular number, (c) Good usage requires, that in 
an alternative between the first and second persons, 
the verb should agree with the second person rather 
than with the first, (d) " Phenomenon" is the singu- 
lar form, (e) The proper case form for the predicate 
of a sentence is the nominative, hence "him" should 
be changed to " he." 

(4) The usage of the best writers and speakers. 

(5) Anglo-Saxon. 



Geography. — (1) (a) The solar day. (b) About 
four minutes the longer, (c) Because the earth moves 
forward in its orbit, while it revolves upon its axis, 
about 1 degree a day (360 degrees in a year). Con- 
sequently, when the earth has made a complete revo- 
lution, it must perform a part of another revolution 



SEARCH-LIGHT. 75 

through this additional degree in order to bring this 
same meridian vertically under the sun. 

(2) \The earth's motion is due to motion imparted 
to it when it was first created. By the law of inertia 
it would move indefiaitely in one direction, but by 
attraction of the sun it is constantly changing its di- 
rection, by falling toward the sun. This imparts the 
elliptical shape to its orbit. 

(3) A Dutch settlement in east South Africa, con- 
taining 48,038 square miles, bounded by Natal, Cape 
Colony, and the Transvaal republic. It has a popu- 
lation of 75,000, one-half Dutch. It is adapted to 
the raising of cattle and sheep. 

(4) The most-highly civilized of Mongolian na- 
tions. No nation ever made such rapid advances as 
has Japan during the last 25 years. 

(5) Their cold tops condense the moisture brought 
from the sea by the winds. This produces rain, 
which is turned by the conformation of the slopes 
into rivers. 

United States History. — (1) (a) The Mayflower 
compact, (b) Declaration of independence, (c) Pre- 
amble to the constitution of the United States. 
(d) Bill of rights (first 10 amendments to constitu- 
tion of the United States), (e) Abraham Lincoln's 
second inaugural address, March 4, 1865. 

(2) 1790, Rhode Island. 1820, Maine. 1850, 
California. 1890, Idaho. 



76 SCHOOL-KOOM 

(3) An effort made by General Grant, when Pres- 
ident, to inaugurate a more humane and a juster 
treatment of the Indians. It was so called from an 
announcement made in his first annual message, that 
he had begun "a new policy toward these wards of 
the nation, by giving the management of a few reser- 
vations of Indians to members of the Society of 
Friends." The Society of Friends nominated agents 
to President Grant, and, on his approval, they were 
appointed. Soon after, other reservations were in- 
truded to other religious bodies. 

(4) The republicans of New York who refused to 
support James G. Blaine for President in 1884, and 
elected Grover Cleveland by supporting him. 

(5) Against the claim of the United States to ex- 
clusive jurisdiction of the seas beyond three miles 
from shore. Stringent provisions against both Eng- 
land and the United States for the protection of the 
seals. 

General Information. — (1) (a) General Grant. 
(b) In 1875, when Secretary Bristow was instituting 
proceedings against members of the "whisky ring," 
some of whom were close, personal friends of Presi- 
dent Grant, the President indorsed upon a letter re- 
lating to the prosecutions : " Let no guilty man escape, 
if it can be avoided. No personal consideration 
should stand in the way of performing a public duty." 
The matter leaked out, and the first phrase of the 
indorsement became a popular cry. 



SEAKCH-LIGHT. 77 

(2) It is said that an iguorant clerk, supposing 
"all correct" to be spelled "oil korect," used "O. K." 
as his mark. 

(3) President Buchanan so called him c elf in his 
message to the last Congress in session before the re- 
bellion of the Southern states. 

(4) In 1749, the Duke of Portland and the Earl 
of Chesterfield, in conversing upon human gullibility, 
entered into a wager that, if a man should advertise 
that he would jump into a quart bottle, he would 
find enough fools in London to fill a playhouse to see 
him perform the feat, and pay for the opportunity. 
The Duke of Portland won his wager, but the duped 
audience looted the house and robbed the till of the 
manager. 

(5) (a) "Adventures of Don Quixote de la 
Mancha," by Cervantes. (6) "Salathiel, the Wan- 
dering Jew," by Eugene Sue. (c) "A Christmas 
Carol," by Charles Dickens, (d) " Heart of Mid- 
lothian," by Walter Scott, (e) "Vanity Fair," by 
W. M. Thackeray. (/) "Ben-Hur," by Lew. Wal- 
lace, (g) "Rasselas," by Samuel Johnson. (Ji) 
"The Spectator," by Joseph Addison, (i) "Uncle 
Tom's Cabin," by Harriet B. Stowe. 



78 SCHOOL-ROOM 

PRONOUNCING CONTEST— No. o. 



Inscrutable, combatant, inimical, hautboy, litera- 
ture, biography, leguminose, indefatigable, ascent, 
assent, corporeal, boatswain, medullary, fiduciary, 
consignee, lachrymose, gullible, quinsy, tic doulou- 
reux, Youghiogheny. 



SEARCH-LIGHT. 79 



TEST QUESTIONS — No. 10. 



Arithmetic. — (1) Upon what five principles is the 
Roman notation founded ? 

(2) A load of hay weighs 2,280 pounds. What 
will it cost at $18.50 per ton? 

(3) What two values have figures ? 

(4) Given the sum and difference of two numbers, 



liow would you find the greater? 



(5) Solve by proportion: If a man earn $192 in 
8 days by working 6 hours a day, how much can he 
earn in 20 days by working 10 hours a day ? 



Grammar. — (1) What are the accidents of nouns? 

(2) Write a sentence in which the antecedent of 
"what" is expressed? 

(3) How do you determine whether a verb is tran- 
sitive or intransitive? 

(4) What is an impersonal verb? Illustrate. 

(5) What is the distinction between the grammar 
and the rhetoric of a language? 



Geography. — (1 ) Define the terms earth's aphelion 
and perihelion? 



80 SCHOOL-ROOM 

(2) (a) How many tquiuoxes? (6) Name them, 
(c) Why are they so called ? 

(3) What zones only have the four seasons? 

(4) Name the territories of the United States? 

(5) What is the "circle of fire" referred to in the 
Kansas normal institute course of study for 1894? 



United States History. — (1) What great American 
died September 7, 1894? 

(2) Who were the Locofocos? Why so called ? 

(3) Why is Texas called the "Lone Star State"? 

(4) Name the vice presidents who have become 
Presidents. 

(5) What was the " reciprocity measure " connected 
with the McKinley bill ? 



General Information. — (1) What is the meaning 
of "boycott" ? How did it get its name? 

(2) What is the significance of the phrase " Chil- 
tern hundreds 

(3) What are "Aldines" and "Elzevirs"? 

(4) What people punish with "forty stripes, save 
on<>"? Why? 

(5) What was the "hot- water war" in American 
history 9 



SEAKCH-LIGHT. 81 

ANSWERS TO TEST QUESTIONS 
No. 10. 

Arithmetic. — (1) (a) Repeating a letter repeats its 
value. (6) When a letter is placed after one of 
greater value, the two express a number equal to the 
sum of their values, (c) When a .letter is placed be- 
fore one of greater value, the two express a number 
equal to the difference of their values, (d) When a 
letter is placed between two, each of greater value, its 
value is taken from the sum of their values, (e) 
Placing a dash over a letter multiplies its value by 
1,000. 

(2) 2,280 lbs.= l/ 7 ton. 

l/ ¥ X $18.50 = $21.09. Arts. 

(3) Two — simple, and local or representative. 
Simple is its value in units' place; local, when it 
changes location, as in tens', hundreds', etc., places. 

(4) Add the sum and difference and divide the 
result by two. 

(5) 8 days : 20 days .. * lq9 . m 
6 hours : 10 hours ' ' ^ iy ^ * W 

$192X20X 10 

( T^ = $800. Ana. 



Grammar. — (1) Person, number, gender, and case. 

(2) I cannot. 

(3) By the sense of the sentence in which it is 



82 SCHOOL-ROOM 

used. If, upon asking the question what? or whom? 
the verb requires a noun or substantive meaning a 
different thing than the subject to complete its mean- 
ing, it is transitive; otherwise, intransitive. 

(4) One which expresses action or state independ- 
ently of its subject: It rains. 

(5) Grammar concerns itself with the correct ex- 
pression of thought. Rhetoric has to do with the 
correct and effective expression of thought and feeling. 



Geography. — (1) When the earth reaches that 
portion of its orbit where it is the most remote from 
the sun, it is in aphelion; where nearest, perihelion. 

(2) Two — vernal and autumnal — equinoxes, be- 
cause the days and nights are equal; vernal, because 
the sun is on the equator on the 22d of March, or 
beginning of spring; autumnal, because the sun is on 
the line the second time on the 22d day of Septem- 
ber, or beginning of autumn. 

(3) Temperate zones. 

(4) Indian, New Mexico^Arizona, Utah (not yet 
in full statehood), Oklahoma, and Alaska. 

(5) The tract of heated soil in the neighborhood 
of the Caspian sea is sometimes so called. The name 
is also sometimes used to designate the aurora borealis. 



United States History. — (1) Oliver Wendell Holmes. 
(2) At a democratic convention in New York, in 



SEAKOH-LIGHT. 83 

1835, some person or persons stopped the proceedings 
of the meeting by suddenly extinguishing the lights. 
Some of the delegates had matches known as "loco- 
focos" in their pockets, and with these relighted the 
lamps. From that time, and for about 10 years 
thereafter, "locofocos" was the common name for 
democrats in New York state. 

(3) In 1836, Texas declared her independence of 
Mexico. In 1837, she applied for admission into 
the union, but -no action was taken; and, until she 
was admitted, some years later, Texas was known as 
the "Lone Star" state. 

(4) Those who became President while serving as 
vice president were Tyler, Fillmore, Johnson, Ar- 
thur. The following-named vice presidents became 
Presidents by election : John Adams, Thomas Jeffer- 
son. 

(5) It provided that a special commercial treaty 
might be made, by which certain imports from the 
country subscribing to the treaty would be admitted 
free of duty, in return for a like privilege extended 
to certain exports from the United States to that 
country. 

General Information.— (1) (a) A combining to 
withhold or prevent dealings or social intercourse 
with a tradesman, employer, etc. ; social and business 
interdiction, for the purpose of coercion. (6) Some 
years ago, in Ireland, a Captain Boycott having be- 
come unpopular, laborers refused to work for him, 



84 SCHOOL-KOOM 

and his neighbors refused to have any dealings with 
him. 

(2) When a member of the British parliament re- 
signs, he accepts the "ChiJtem Hundreds." This is 
because no member can resign, except to take a pub- 
lic office. The steward of the "Chiltern Hundreds" 
was, in old times, appointed by the crown to protect 
the people of Bucks from the robbers who frequented 
the Chiltern hills. Of course, there is no necessity 
for the office now, but it is made use of to enable 
members of parliament to resign. When one accepts 
the office, he immediately vacates it to give others a 
chance. 

(3) (a) Editions of the Greek and Latin classics, 
published by Aldo Manuzio and his son Paolo, in 
the fifteenth century. Aldo invented the type called 
"italics," which type was at one time called aldine. 
(b) Editions of classic authors, printed by the Elzevir 
family. 

(4) (a) The Jews, (b) Because 40 was the highest 
number of stripes allowed to be inflicted by their 
law, and, for fear of exceeding that number, they 
gave "40 save 1." 

(5) It occurred in 1799, and the field of battle was 
Pennsylvania. Immediately after the suppression ot 
the * Whisky Rebellion," the national government at- 
tempted to collect a direct tax on houses. When the 
officers came to make the necessary measurements, 
the women resisted them, and drove them away by 



SEAKCH-LIGHT. 85 

deluging them with hot water. Hence the name. 
The disturbance came near developing seriously. 
One Fries, for making a rescue of parties resisting 
the collectors of the tax, was convicted of treason 
and condemned to death. He was pardoned by 
President Adams. The obnoxious tax was repealed, 
two or three years later, during President Jefferson's 
administration. 



PRONOUNCING CONTEST— No. 10. 



Rarity, holocaust, hegira, gourmand, gneiss, finesse, 
cylindric, paradigm, terpischorean, wreath, wreathe, 
cicerone, caricature, capuchin, chauvinism, hydro- 
pathist, long-lived, rationale, catafalque, cacique. 



86 SCHOOL-ROOM 



TEST QUESTIONS — No. n. 



Arithmetic. — (1) A railroad train is going at the 
rate of 60 miles an hour. How many feet does it go 
in 1J minutes? 

(2) Find the length of the side of a square field 
which contains 100 acres. 

(3) Each shovelful of earth thrown out by a la- 
borer excavating a cellar averages two-thirds of a 
cubic foot of earth. At that rate, how many shovels- 
ful will be required to fill a wagon which holds a 
cubic yard of earth? 

(4) Three counties combined are required to fur- 
nish the national army a regiment of soldiers — 1,000 
men. The populations of the counties are 65,000, 
48,500, and 76,200, respectively. How many men 
must each county furnish? 

(5) The length of the school term in a certain 
district is 180 days, or 1,080 hours. One of the 
pupils was absent during the term 35 days, and los', 
by tardiness, 40 hours. What percentage of the 
whole time did he lose? 



Language and Grammar. — (1) Make sentences in 
which the following words are used correctly: Tan- 



SEAECH-LIGHT. 87 

gible, adept , tenacious, respectively, indigenous, in- 
genuous, ingenious, perfidious, pernicious, cynosure. 

(2) Give two good reasons why slang should never 
be used. 

(3) Give at least five rules which you should fol- 
low in letter writing. 

(4) Give an example of epigram, irony, hyperbole, 
metaphor, metonymy. 

(5) Give three English words derived from the 
Celtic, three from the Dutch, three from the French, 
three from the Italian, three from the Spanish. 



Geography.— (1) Name a country in which each 
of the following-named animals is used as a beast of 
burden : The llama, yak, camel, elephant, reindeer, 
dog. 

(2) What causes the great difference between the 
climate of the eastern and western coasts of the 
United States? 

(3) Define the following words: Erosion, fauna, 
flora, snow line, ethnography. 

(4) Name the countries in which the franc is cur- 
rent; the gulden; the milreis; the mark; the piastre. 

(5) Name the nations to which the following- 
named places belong: New Caledonia, Faroe Isles, 
Azores, New Guinea, Caroline islands. 



88 SCHOOL-KOOM 

United States Histoi^y. — (1) What was the tenure- 
of-office act? 

(2) What was Morgan's raid? 

(3) When was the department of the interior es- 
tablished? What is its work? 

(4) What is meant in our history as " the right of 
expatriation"? 

(5) Under whose administration was the interstate- 
commerce act passed? the Washington monument 
completed? standard time adopted? the temperance 
crusade? the "salary grab"? 



General Information. — (1) How fast do glaciers 
move? 

(2) What made each of the following- named per- 
sons celebrated: Haydn, Charles Wolfe, R-ouget de 
Lisle, Comenius, James Wilson? 

(3) What is a "blockade" in war? 

(4) Give the authors of the expressions, "Knowl- 
edge is power;" "God the first garden made, and the 
first city Cain;" "Not lost, but gone before;" "Men 
are but children of a larger growth;" "Necessity the 
mother of invention." 

(5) Name the books in which the following names 
represent characters: Ichabod Crane, Smike, Portia, 
Dominie Sampson, Doctor Primrose, Miriam, Alfred 
Jingle, Becky Sharp, Prospero. 



SEARCH- LIGHT. 89 

ANSWERS TO TEST QUESTIONS 

No. ii. 

Arithmetic. — (1) 60 miles an hour=l mile a min- 
ute; then in 1J minutes train will travel 1J times 1 
mile, or 1J miles. 

1 mile =5,280 ft. 

limiles = 5,280X3 = 
2 

(2) Area = length X width. 
100 a. = area. 

100 a. = 1 6,000 sq. rd. 
16,000 sq. rd.=length X width. 
Since length and width are equal in a square, 
16,000 sq. rd. = length 2 , or width 2 . 

1^16,000 = length, or width, or 126.5 rds. nearly. 

(3) Cu. yd. = 27 cu. ft. 27 cu. ft. -f-f = shovel- 
fuls. 40 J = shovelfuls. 

(4) The figures given would give us a fraction of 
a man for each county. Take instead the number of 
troops to be furnished as 1,897, instead of 1,000; 
then the counties would furnish quotas as follows: 

T 6 8 5 9 T°A of 1,897 = 650. 
iW7% of 1,897 = 485. 
AVtVo of 1,897 = 762. 

(5) 6 hrs. in school day. 6 X 35, or 210 hrs., in 
35 school days. 210 + 40 = 250 lost hrs. 250 is 
23/ T % f 1)080 hrs# 



90 SCHOOL-ROOM 

Language and Grammar, — (1) That which can 
be touched is tangible. He is an adept in flattery. 
The Scotch are a tenacious people.'' He spoke of 
them as a, b, and c, respectively. Tobacco is indig- 
enous to America. A child is more ingenuous than 
is an adult. The inventor is ingenious. He is a 
perfidious man. That doctrine is pernicious. The 
man in public life is the cynosure of all eyes. 

(2) Slang is vulgar, and corrupts the language as 
well as the individual. It is difficult to understand. 
Language should be clear, and susceptible of but one 
meaning. 

(3) (a) Write the full address plainly at the be- 
ginning of the letter, {b) Be brief and clear, (c) 
Make a paragraph for the expression of each 
thought, (d) Be sure that no words are mis- 
spelled, (e) See that your punctuation assists in 
interpreting your thought. (/) Write your address 
in full at the close. The first and last directions are 
to secure either the safe delivery or return of the let- 
ter should it miscarry. 

(4) "A little learning is a dangerous thing." — 
Pope. "A nice man is a man of nasty ideas." — 
Swift. (He intended the reverse.) "Is she not 
more than painting can express?" — Rowe. "He 
was not merely a chip off the old block, he was the 
old block itself." — Burke. "Martin, if dirt was 
trumps, what hands you would hold." — Charles 
Lamb. 



SEARCH-LIGHT. 91 

(5) Celtic — clan, brogue, wnisky. Dutch — pa- 
Iroon, boss, stoop. French — levee, crevasse, bayou. 
Italian — macaroni, vermicelli, pantaloon. Spanish 
— ranche, canon, stampede. 



Geography. — (1) Llama, Peru; yak, India; camel, 
Egypt; elephant, India; reindeer, Lapland; dog, 
Greenland. 

(2) The cold currents of the north Atlantic flow 
near the New England coast, while the return warm 
current of the Japanese stream flows near the west- 
ern coast. 

(3) Erosion — the wearing away of the earth by 
the action of water, air, or other agencies. Fauna — 
the animal life of a country is its fauna. Flora — 
the name applied to the vegetable life of a section of 
the earth. Snow line — the lowest altitude at which 
snow falls and lies on the mountain side the year 
around. Ethnography — the branch of knowledge 
which deals with the characteristics of the human 
family, furnishing the details for ethnology. 

(4) Franc — France, Belgium, and Switzerland. 
Gulden — Holland. Milreis — Portugal. Mark — 
Germany. Piastre — Spain, Turkey, and Egypt. 

(5) New Caledonia, Fiance; Faroe Isles, Den- 
mark; Azores, Portugal; New Guinea, Germany, 
The Netherlands, and Great Britain; Caroline isl- 
ands, Spain, 



92 SCHOOL-ROOM 

United States History. — (1) It was an act passed 
during the conflict between Congress and President 
Johnson. It provided that no officer for whose ap- 
pointment the consent of the senate was needful 
could be removed without the consent of the senate. 

(2) A cavalry raid made by the rebel general 
John Morgan during the rebellion, in the year 1863, 
through Kentucky and Ohio. 

(3) In 1849. Has charge of internal affairs, and 
has under its direction more interests than has any 
other department, including public lands, patent of- 
fice, pensions, Indians, census, and education. 

(4) The right of a man to abjure his allegiance to 
one country and become a citizen of another country. 

(5) (a) President Cleveland's first administration. 
(6, c) President Arthur's, {d, e) President Grant's 
second administration. 



General Information. — (1) But a few inches in a 
day. Some do not exceed a few inches in a month. 

(2) Haydn — musical composer. Charles Wolfe 
wrote "The Burial of Sir John Moore. De Lisle 
wrote the "Marseillaise." Comenius — author of 
the first pictorial schoolbook. James Wilson — 
American jurist and signer of the declaration of 
independence, and one of the most prominent frani- 
ers of the United States constitution. 

(3) The investment of a port by ships, preventing 
ingress or egress and the reception of supplies. 



SEAKCH-LIGHT. 93 

(4) Francis Bacon. Abraham Cowley. Copied 
from Seneca by both Samuel Rogers, in his "Hu- 
man Life," and Matthew Henry, in his "Com- 
mentaries." John Dryden. The same expression 
occurs in Franck's "Northern Memoirs," written in 
1658 and printed in 1694, Wycherly's "Love in a 
Wood," 1672, and Farquhar's "Twin Rivals," 1705. 

(5) Ichabod Crane, "The Legend of Sleepy Hol- 
low. Smike, "Nicholas Nickleby." Portia, "The 
Merchant of Venice." Dominie Sampson, "Guy 
Mannering." Doctor Primrose, "The Vicar of 
Wakefield. Miriam, "The Marble Faun." Alfred 
Jingle, "The Pickwick Papers." Becky Sharp, 
"Vanity Fair." Prospero, "The Tempest." 



PRONOUNCING CONTEST— No. n. 



Homoeopathy, lachrymose, Medina, Paraguay, Ki- 
lauea, Kennebec, Synope, worse, wreath, wreathe, 
genuine, disdain, hollo, hollow, heather, yea, succinct, 
whorl, whirl, jowl. 



94 SCHOOL-ROOM 



TEST QUESTIONS— No. 12. 



Arithmetic. — (1) Express the ratio of 2 to 3 in 
two different ways. 

(2) I have a triangular field 6 rods by 7 rods by 
9 rods. Find the area, and state the rule. 

(3) Which is the larger, a circle having a diameter 
of 3 feet, or a square with a side of 3 feet? How 
much larger? 

(4) Compare the cubical contents of a cylinder 
and a cone having heights and diameters equal. 

(5) Indicate 4 raised to the fifth power. Indi- 
cate the fifth root of 4 to be extracted. 



Language and Grammar. — (1) Correct the fol- 
lowing: Come and see me. What did you do it 
for? Is that the gent? She is our washer lady. I 
reckon it will rain. 

(2) Illustrate the proper use of may and can. 

(3) When should parenthesis marks be used ? 

(4) Classify subordinate conjunctions, giving an 
example of each class. 

(5) What is meant by the agreement of words? 



SEAKOH-LIGHT. 95 

Geography.— (I) What is an avalanche? Men- 
tion localities where avalanches are common. 

(2) What two monarchies of Europe are abso- 
lute? 

(3) Give the approximate population of the 
world; of the United States; of New York state; 
of Kansas. 

(4) Arrange the following-named cities in the 
order of population, beginning with the largest: 
Berlin, Pekin, London, Canton, Vienna, New York, 
Calcutta, Chicago, and Paris. 

(5) Write the names of the states admitted to the 
union since 1875, giving the capital of each. 



United States History. — (1) What were the chief 
points in the compromise of 1850? 

(2) Who were the "anti-Nebraska" men? 

(3) What was the estimated cost of the war of the 
rebellion? 

(4) What were "wildcat banks," and when were 
they prominent in our history? 

(5) State briefly the provisions of the "presiden- 
tial succession act" and the "electoral count act." 



General Information.— (I) W^hat is the origin of 
the phrase "higher law"? 



96 SCHOOL-ROOM 

(2) Who was the greatest literary forger that ever 
lived? 

(3) What are the correct names for the following 
nom de plumes f Ik Marvel, Charles Egbert Crad- 
dock, Boz, Junius, Waverly. 

(4) Give the title of the best work, in your opin- 
ion, of Byron, Shelley, Goldsmith, Hugo, Goethe, 
Cervantes, Virgil, Hawthorne, Bryant, and Burns. 

(5) Name four good histories of the United States, 
and give the period covered by each. 



ANSWERS TO TEST QUESTIONS 
No. 12. 

Arithmetic.— (1) 2:3; f. 

(2) 6+7+9 = 22. 22 -^-2 = 11. 1 1 — 6 = 5; 
11—7=4; 11—9 = 2. ^5X4 X 2X11=^440, or 
20.97 square rods. When the three sides of a trian- 
gle are given, the area is found by taking the square 
root of the continued product of the half sum of all 
the sides by the difference between that half sum and 
each of the respective sides. 

(3) Area of square = 3 2 = 9 sq. feet. Area of 
circle = 3.1416 X (|) 2 = 7.0686, nearly,sq. feet. The 
square is larger, by 1.9314 square feet. 



SEARCH-LIGHT. 97 

(4) A cone is one-third of a cylinder having the 

same base and height. 

5 _ 

(5) 4 5 , i/4. 

Language and Grammar. — (1) Come to see me. 
Why did you do it? Is that the gentleman? She 
is our washerwoman. I suppose (or think) it will 
rain. 

(2) May I go ? I can do it. 

(3) Whenever an expression is introduced for ex- 
planation or amplification in the midst of a sentence, 
the marks indicate that the main issue is suspended 
for the introduction of the subordinate or explana- 
tory thought. 

(4) They are classified according to the office of the 
subordinate. Adjective: "I looked for a slide where 
I could climb," etc. Substantive: "I did not doubt 
that I was done." Adverbial: " He went on, while 
I stumbled," etc. 

(5) When two words bear certain grammatical re- 
lations one to the other, they are said to agree. Thus, 
substantives must agree with their verbs in number 
and person by having the same person and number 
as do the verbs. 

Geography. — (1) Accumulated snow which slips 
down the slopes of high mountains with resistless 
force. Switzerland and other countries bordering on 
the Alps. 



98 SCHOOL-ROOM 

(2) Russia and Turkey. 

(3) (a) 1,500,000. (6) 65,000,000. (c) 6,250- 
000. (d) 1,400,000. 

(4) London, Paris, Pekin, Canton, New York, 
Berlin, Vienna, Chicago, Calcutta. 

(5) Colorado, capital, Denver; North Dakota, 
capital, Bismarck; South Dakota, capital, Pierre; 
Montana, capital, Helena ; Washington, capital, 
Olympia; Idaho, capital, Boise City; Wyoming, 
capital, Cheyenne. 

United States History. — (1) California to be ad- 
mitted as a free state; Utah (including Nevada) and 
New Mexico (including Arizona) to be organized 
without reference to slavery; the slave trade to be 
abolished in the District of Columbia; the passing of 
a more stringent fugitive slave law. 

(2) When, in 1854, the Kansas- Nebraska bill was 
passed, virtually repealing the Missouri compromise, 
all northern men who were opposed to the further 
extension of slavery united under the name of anti- 
Nebraska men. This was the origin of the Repub- 
lican party. 

(3) About eight billions of dollars. 

(4) They were banks which sprang up all over the 
country during Jackson's last term. Thsse banks 
issued bills which they were not able to redeem. 
Bills issued in one state would be refused or heavily 
discounted in another. When President Jackson 



SEARCH-LIGHT. 99 

ordered that payments for public lands (in which at 
that time there was a wild speculation) be paid in 
specie, people flocked to the bauks to exchange bills 
for specie. The results were bank failures and the 
panic of 1837. 

(5) (a) It was passed in 1886, and provided that, 
in case of the death or disability of both the Presi- 
dent and vice president, the succession to the presi- 
dency shall be in the following order: Secretary of 
state; of the treasury; of war; attorney general; 
secretary of the navy ; postmaster general ; secretary 
of the interior. The department of agriculture had 
not been instituted at that time. It is a later cre- 
ation. It is provided that the member who thus 
becomes President shall be known as "acting Presi- 
dent," and that he shall serve until the disabil- 
ity is removed or until a new President is elected. 
(6) It was passed in 1887. It provides for the 
settlement of disputes relative to the validity of the 

electoral vote from any state by the tribunals of that 
state. 

General Information. — (1) It was uttered by Wil- 
liam H. Seward in a speech delivered on March 11, 
1850. 

(2) Alcibiades Simonides, born on the island of 
Cyrene, 1818; died 1890. He published forgeries 
of Homer's writings, the Assyrian tablets, and the 
philosophies of the eastern and western Roman em- 
pires. 



100 SCHOOL-ROOM 

(3) Donald Mitchell, Miss Murfree, Charles Dick- 
ens, probably Sir Philip Francis, Sir Walter Scott. 

(4) Childe Harold, The Cloud or the Skylark, 
The Vicar of Wakefield, Les Miserables, Faust, Dun 
Quixote, iEaeid, The Scarlet Letter, Thanatopsis, 
The Cotter's Saturday Night. 

(5) Bancroft's brings our history down to the 
formation of the constitution. Von Hoist's Consti- 
tutional History of the United States gives our 
constitutional history from its origin. Hildreth's His- 
tory (federalist) brings our history down to 1820. 
Schouler's History (democratic) comes down to the 
Mexican war. McMaster's History (republican) cov- 
ers the period from the revolution to the civil war. 



PRONOUNCING CONTEST— No. 12. 



Converse (verb), converse (noun), converse (aljec- 
uve), Los Angeles, Munich, pedagogical, pedagogism, 
palette, idle, idol, idyl, patentee, Philippi, qui vive, 
retributive, supine (noun), supine (adjective), Sabac- 
thani, lorgnette, obligato. 



SEARCH-LTGHT. 101 



TEST QUESTIONS— No. 13. 



Arithmetic. — (1) A railway train leaves Chicago 
for Kansas City at 6 p. m., and goes at the rate of 
3,080 feet per minute. Another train on the same 
line leaves Kansas City for Chicago at 5 p. m., and 
goes at the rate of 3,520 feet per minute. If the 
distance from Chicago to Kansas City is 490 miles, 
where will the trains pass. 

(2) Which will cost the more and how much : to 
fence a tract of land 50 rods square, or a tract 125 
rods long and 20 rods wide? supposing the fencing 
to cost — cents per rod. Which is the larger field? 

(3) On a farm containing 160 acres in the form of 
a square a ravine averaging 60 rods long and 6 rods 
wide cannot be cultivated; a public read running 
along two sides of the farm takes off a width of two 
rods; and there is a tract of timber land averaging 
40 rods long and 15 rods wide. Deducting the 
number of acres which cannot be cultivated, how 
much is left? 

(4) A telephone pole is 40 feet high. From the 
top of a post 10 feet high, set perpendicularly at a 
distance of 20 feet from the foot of the pole, a wire 
is stretched to the top of the pole. How long is the 
wire? 



102 SCHOOL-ROOM 

(5) In a two-thirds pitch roof, what is the length 
of the rafters, if the building is 24 feet wide? 



Language and Grammar. — (1) Make sentences in 
which the following words are used correctly: Nefa 
rious, incongruous, discrepancies, exemplary, prece- 
dent (verb), precedent (noun), contumely, truculent, 
contest (verb), contest (noun). 

(2) What words are opposite in meaning to the 
following: Ideal, fact, infinite, proud, zenith, frigid, 
constant, theist, condemn, progression. 

(3) Write sentences containing the word "that" as 
a noun, pronoun, adjective, conjunction. 

(4) What may be the antecedent of a relative pro- 
noun? 

(5) Correct the following, and give reasons: "I 
expect he is sick." "They presented him with a 
gold-headed cane." " lie entlnued the meeting." 
"He died wii.h a fever." " Youis, &c." (at close of 
a letter). 

Geography. — (1) Has Lake Michigan any tide? 
If so, how much? 

(2) Define field ice, floe, pack ice, drift ice. 

(3) How do you account for the salt deposits in 
New York, Ontario, and Michigan? 

(4) Name the five countries of the world which 
have the largest coal areas. 



SEARCH-LIGHT. 103 

(5) What is the difference between anthracite and 
bituminous coal ? Name five of the states in which 
coal is found in large quantities. 



United States History. — (1) Name a vice president 
of the United States who died before he could begin 
to perform the duties of his office. 

(2) Name an American who was a poet, an essay- 
ist, and a diplomatist; one who was an essayist, a 
scientific investigator, and a statesman; two who 
were historians and diplomatists; one who was a 
poet and a diplomatist. 

(3) Name three celebrated persons from each of 
the following-named states, and name one important 
event or work with which each person named was 
connected: Pennsylvania, Indiana, Massachusetts, 
Missouri, Virginia. 

(-1) Name the political parties which nominated 
the following-named candidates for President of the 
United States: James Birney, John Quincy Adams, 
Peter Cooper, Lewis Cass, Winfield Scott, John 
Parker Hale, Horace Greeley. 

(5) Name a President of the United States who 
was censured by the senate; another who was cen- 
sured by the house. State briefly the reasons for the 
action in each case. 



General Information. — (1) Against what evils 
were the following-named books a protest : Nicholas 



104 SCHOOL-ROOM 

Mckleby, Don Quixote, Les Miserables, Little Dor- 
rit, Uncle Tom's Cabin? 

(2) What book or other literary work does each 
of the following names suggest to you: Dromio, 
Hopeful, Trinculo, Currer Bell, Wilhelm Meister, 
Thoreau, Cuttle, Motley, Jekyll, Gulliver? 

(3) What are meant by the terms "chamber of 
commerce" and "board of trade"? 

(4) What are cipher dispatches? Give an illus- 
tration of system. 

(5) State briefly what you know concerning Al- 
sace-Lorraine; its area, boundaries, language, gov- 
ernment. 



ANSWERS TO TEST QUESTIONS 
No. 13. 

Arithmetic. — (1) At midnight, 210 miles from 
Chicago and 280 miles from Kansas City. 

(2) The cost of fencing the square would be to the 
cost of fencing the parallelogram as 1 : 1.45. Thus, 
supposing the cost to be 50 cents per rod, the expense 
of fencing the square would be $100, and that of the 
parallelogram, $145. 

(3) The total area of the farm = 25,600 square 
rods, (a) Supposing the road to run along parallel 
sides : 



SEARCH-LIGHT 105 

Ravine's area = 60 X 6 = 360 sq. rods. 

Road's area = 160 X 2 X 2 = 640 " 

Timber land's area = 40 X 15 = 600 " 

Area of untillable land = 1,600 sq. rods. 

25,600 sq. rods — 1,600 sq. rods = 24,000 sq. rods, 
or 150 acres. 

(b) Supposing the road to run along adjacent sides, 
the amount of untillable land would be 4 sq. rods 
less, and the tillable land would be 25,600 sq. rods 
— 1,596 sq. rods= 24,004 sq. rods, or 150^ acres. 

The upper 30 feet of the telephone 

\^ pole would constitutethe perpend icu- 

\. lar of a right-angled triangle, of which 

2Q - the distance from the top of the post 

io to the telephone pole (20 ft) would 
20 be the base, and the wire the hypot- 
enuse. V20 2 + 30 2 = 1/1300=36.05+ feet, length 
of the wire. 

(5) The height of the pitch is f of 24 feet = 16 
feet, the distance from the vertex of the roof to the 
square. This is the altitude of a right-angled tri- 
angle whose base is half the width of the building 
(12 ft.), and whose hypotenuse is the length of the 
rafter. i/16 2 + 12 2 = V4O0 = 20 feet, length of 
rafter. 



Language and Grammar. — (1) It is my purpose 
to defeat his nefarious schemes. That man's dress is 
incongruous. There are several discrepancies in the 
statement made by the witness. He is a man of ex- 



i06 SCHOOL-ROOM 

emplary character. Precedent is not a verb, but may 
be a noun or adjective; for example: "Precedent in- 
jury/ 7 "There is no precedent for this action." He 
treated his visitor with contumely. The truculent na- 
tives of Uganda. I will contest the election. There 
will be a contest between the two colleges. 

(2) Realistic, fiction, finite, humble, nadir, torrid, 
nVkle, atheist, praise, retrogression. 

(3) That is a relative pronoun. That is the dog 
that bit me. That man is a good citizen. He will 
say that you may go. 

(4) Any substantive, whether word, phrase, or 
clause. 

(5) (a) I suppose he is sick. Expect means to 
look for, to look forward to, or to anticipate; hence 
is wrongly used in the sentence given. (6) They 
presented him a gold-headed cane. With is superflu- 
ous, (c) Enthused is slang. The sentence could be 
written in various ways, as : He aroused a great deal 
of enthusiasm in the meeting, (d) He died of a 
fever. The wrong preposition is used, (c) &c. is a 
disrespectful way of closing a letter, and is inexcus- 
able. 

Geography. — (1) Yes; at Chicago. About three 
inches. 

(2) (a) Ice covering large surfaces. (6) A large, 
floating mass of ice. (c) Pieces of broken ice closely 
packed together, (d) Ice floating about. 



SEARCH-LIGHT. 107 

(3) Lakes Huron and Ontario were at a remote 
period part of an arm of the sea. The Mohawk 
and Hudson valleys formed the rest of the arm. 

(4) China, United States, Canada, India, Russia. 

(5) (a) Anthracite coal is hard and compact, has 
a hi^-h lubter, has but little bitumen; hence its flame 
is almost non-luminous. Bituminous coal contains 
much bitumen — a black, tarry substance — burns 
with a yellow, smoky flame, and is soft. (6) Penn- 
sylvania, Missouri, Alabama, Illinois, Kansas. 



United States History. — (1) William Rufus King. 
He was elected in 1852. 

(2) (a) James Russell Lowell, (b) Benjamin 
Franklin, (c) John Lothrop Motley and George 
Bancroft, (cl) Bayard Taylor. 

(3) Pennsylvania: Benjamin Franklin, scientist 
and diplomat; author of ''Poor Richard's Almanac." 
Stephen Girard, founder of Girard College. Albert 
Gallatin, financier, second secretary of the treasury 
of the United States. Indiana: Oliver P. Morton, 
statesman; great war governor during the rebellion. 
Lew Wallace, author of "The Fair God" and "Ben 
Hur." Benjamin Harrison, statesman, President of 
the United States. Massachusetts: Daniel Webster, 
statesman, most distinguished American orator; 
"Oration against Hayne." Horace Mann, greatest 
American educator; Massachusetts educational de- 
partment. Nathaniel Hawthorne, greatest American 



108 SCHOOL-KOOM 

novelist; "Scarlet Letter." Missouri: Thomas H. 
Banton/ statesman; wrote "Thirty Years in the 
United States Senate." James B. Eads, inventor 
and constructive engineer; built the great Missis- 
sippi river bridge at St. Louis, the jetties, etc. B. 
Gratz Brown, statesman; candidate on the liberal 
republican ticket for vice president, with Horace 
Greeley for President. Virginia : George Washing- 
ton, general and statesman, commander of continental 
armies, and first President of the United States. 
James Madison, statesman, President of the United 
States during the war of 1812; author of a number 
of the Federalist papers. Thomas Jefferson, states- 
man, President of the United States; wrote declara- 
tion of independence and bought Louisiana. 

(4) Liberty party ; national republican ; independ- 
pendent; democratic; whig; liberal republican. 

(5) On March 28, 1834, the United States senate 
censured President Jackson for exercising powers not 
conferred upon him by the constitution when he re- 
moved the deposits from the United States Bank. 
In 1842, a report censuring President Tyler for veto- 
ing a tariff bill was passed by the house of represen- 
tatives. 

General Information. — (1) (a) The brutalities 
which prevailed in private schools. (6) Knight- 
errantry, (c) The severity of French criminal law. 
(d) Debtors' prisons and "red tape" in government 
offices, (e) Slavery. 



SEARCH- LIGHT. 109 

(2) (a) Comedy of Errors. (6) Pil grim's Prog- 
ress, (c) The Tempest, (d) Jane Eyre, (e) Book 
of that name, by Goethe. (/) Walden, or Life in 
the Woods, (g) Dombey and Son. (h) Rise of 
the Dutch Republic, (i) The Strange Case of Doc- 
tor Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, (J) Gulliver's Travels. 

(3) They virtually mean the same thing. Cham- 
ber of commerce is defined by one authority to be 
a an assembly of merchants and traders where affairs 
relating to trade are treated of." Another authority 
gives this definition: "A society of the principal 
merchants and traders, who meet to promote the gen- 
eral commerce of the place." 

(4) Dispatches written in signs made to corre- 
spond to letters of the alphabet, or by placing the 
letters out of their regular order. For instance, let 

the lower letter represent the upper, thus: -?' > C} ' 

J, m, n, o, 

e > f > g> h , h h k > h m, d, o, p, q, r, s, t, u, v, x, y, z. 
p, q, r, s, t, u, v, x, y, z, a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k. 
Following this arrangement, if one wished to dis- 
patch, "Hold the fort," the message would be as fol- 
lows: "Saxo fsp qadf." 

(5) Two provinces ceded by France to Germany 
at the close of the Franco German war in 1871. 
The territory is situated between France and Ger- 
many, has an area of 5,580 square miles. German is 
the prevailing language, but French is spoken by a 
considerable number of the people. Much of thp 
French population left for France when the provinces 
were surrendered to Germany. 



110 SCHOOL-ROOM 

PRONOUNCING CONTEST— No. 13. 



Projectile, redolent, exigency, eyrie, corps diplo- 
matique, derisive, Hebrides, irrefutable, perempto- 
rily, Psyche, St. Augustine (city), St. Augustine 
(church father), simultaniety, sojourn (verb), sojourn 
(noun), tatterdemalion, Disraeli, learned (adjective). 



SEARCH-LIGHT. Ill 



TEST QUESTIONS— No. 14. 



Arithmetic. — (1) How many square yards of clotL 
will be required for a tent in the form of a cone 15 
feet in diameter and 18 feet high? 

(2) How many minutes were there from 10:40 
a.m., February 4, 1892, to 1:30 p.m., March 2, 

1892? 

(3) The assessed valuation of a certain school dis- 
trict is $9,000. It is allowed by law to levy a tax 
of 2 mills on each dollar of valuation. The district 
receives $25 a year from the state school fund. Coal 
and other incidental expenses amount to $40 a year. 
How much, if the full rate is levied, will be left for 
teachers' wages? If the average teacher is worth 
$40 a month, and the length of the school term 
should be nine months, how much does the district 

lack? 

• 

(4) The area of the grounds of a schoolhouse is 
one acre. The schoolhouse is 24 feet long, and 16 
feet wide. What percentage of the grounds does the 
schoolhouse occupy? 

(5) What percentage in grains is a pound troy of 
a pound avoirdupois? An ounce troy of an ounce 
avoirdupois? What percentage in cubic inches is a 
pint, liquid measure, of a peck, dry measure? 



112 SCHOOL-ROOM 

Language and Grammar. — (J) Make sentences 
in which the following words are used correctly: 
Emigration, immigration, nepotism, persuasive, per- 
emptory, predilection, surveillance, suavity, illusive, 
elusive. 

(2) Write the participles of the following verbs : 
Fight, sit, set. 

(3) What is meant by a double relative? Give 
example of its use. 

(4) Give the plural form for molasses, mouse, 
fish, memorandum, politics. 

(5) "It rains." "It is he." Why are the fore- 
going expressions correct? What grammatical rules 
do they seem to violate? What name is given to 
such expressions? 

Geography. — (1) Where is Two Ocean pass, and 
why so named? 

(2) What is meant by "The Roaring Forties"? 

(3) Substitute the right name for each of the fol- 
lowing: Far Cathay, The Floating City, The Eve of 
the East, The Queen of the Antilles, Land of the 
Rising Sun. 

(4) Name the largest peninsula in the world, tell 
where it is situated, and give approximately its area. 

(5) Name the largest inland sheet of water in the 
world, tell where it is situated, and what may be re- 
markable about it, and give approximately its area. 



SEARCH-LIGHT. 113 

United States History. — (1) A graduate of Har 
vard was a delegate to the Continental Congress, 
1781-'86; was United States senator; then minister 
to Great Britain; again United States senator; and, 
again, minister to Great Britain. Name him. 

(2) A graduate of Princeton was in succession 
United States senator, minister to Russia, vice presi- 
dent of the United Slates, minister to Great Britain. 
Name him. 

(3) Give the number of senators and representa- 
tives in the Congress of 1790, and the ratio of repre- 
sentation. Give the number and ratio in 1893. 

(4) After a state is admitted into the Union, when 
does its star appear on our national flag ? 

(5) Beginning with 1800, give the percentage of 
increase in population in the United States every 10 
years, to and including 1890. 



General Information. — (1) What is meant by 
each of the following words: Autonomy, armistice, 
oligarchy, bureaucracy? 

(2) What is " filibustering" in parliamentary law? 

(3) Define "funding" and "refunding." 

(4) Name the countries in Europe which have two 
legislative chambers, which have but one, and which 
have no legislature. 

(5) How many times and in what manner has the 
government of France been changed since 1789? 



114 SCHOOL-ROOM 

ANSWERS TO TEST QUESTIONS 
No. 14. 



Arithmetic— (1) Slant height = 1/I8 2 + 7-1- 2 = 
19.5. Half slant height = 9.75 ft. Circumference 
of base = 15X3.1416 = 47.124 ft. 47.124X9.75 
= 459.459 sq. ft. = 51.051 yards. 

(2) From 10:40 A. M. to midnight, February 4, 
1892 = 13J- hours. From February 4 to 1:30 p.m., 
March 2, 1892 = 26 days, 13J hours. Total number 
of hours from 10 : 40 A. m., February 4, to 1 : 30 P. M., 
March 2, 650J; total number of minutes, 39,050. 

(3) We should have have written 20 mills instead 
of 2. 

$9,000 X .020 = $180. 
180 + §25= 205. 
205— 40= 165. 
165 -5- 40= 4J. 
The district lacks 4J months of school, even though 
the maximum rate of taxation is levied. 

(4) 1 A. = 43,560 sq ft. Area occupied by 
schoolhouse = 384 sq. ft. Percentage of the grounds 
occupied by the schoolhouse, .0088+. 

(5) (a) 82f (6) 109+. (c) 5.37+. 



Language and Grammar. — (3) There will be a 
heavy emigration of negroes from the Southern states 
to Liberia. - It is hoped that the immigration to Kan- 



SEARCH-LIGHT. 115 

sas this year will be very great. In his appointments 
the comptroller can justly be charged with nepotism. 
The persuasive powers of that lawyer are very great. 
In a peremptory manner he told him to leave the room. 
The judge had a predilection for the prisoner. The 
police had him uuder surveillance while he remained 
in the city. He was a man of much suavity of man- 
ners. Life is illusive. He answered me in an elusive 
manner. 

(2) Fight: fighting, fought, having fought, being 
fought, having been fought. Sit : sitting, sat, having 
sat. Set : setting, set, having set. Being set, having 
been set. 

(3) The double relative is the pronoun "what." 
It is so called because it may be separated into "that 
which." Example : He will do what is right. 

(4) (a) Has no plural form. (6) Mice, (c) Fish 
or fishes, (d) Memoranda or memorandums, (e) Has 
no plural form. 

(5) (a) Because the immemorial usage of the best 
English writers and speakers has sanctioned those 
forms, (b) "It" is singular, and is used to represent 
the plural noun "elements." "It" is neuter, and is 
the antecedent of "he" which is masculine, (c) They 
are called idioms. 



Geography. — (1) In the Yellowstone region. So 
named because the waters flow in opposite directions 
— part toward the Atlantic; part toward the Pacific. 



116 SCHOOL-EOOM 

(2) Below 40 cleg, south latitude the anti-trade 
winds blow more steadily than elsewhere. These 
winds have been named "The Roaring Forties" by 
seamen. 

(3) Chiua, Bangkok, Damascus, Cuba, Japan. 

(4) Arabia. Western Asia. More than one mil- 
lion square miles. 

(5) Caspian sea. Southeastern Russia, between 
Europe and Asia. Its waters are salt. 170,000 
square miles. 

United States History. — (1) Rufus King. 

(2) George Mifflin Dallas. 

(3) In 1790, number of representatives, 65; ratio 
of representatives, 30,000. In 1893, number, 356; 
ratio, 173,901. 

(4) On the 4th of July following the admission of 
the state. 

(5) 1800, 35+ percent; 1810, 36+; 1820,33+; 
1830,33+; 1840,32+; 1850,35.8+; 1860,35.5 + ; 
1870, 22.6+; 1880, 30+; 1890, 24.8+. 



General Information. — (I) (a) It originally meant 
the power of self-government, but the word now is 
understood to mean the independence in local matters 
which a state itself, part of a confederation, may 
have, subject to the national constitution or laws. 
Thus, the states of the American union, of the Ger- 
man empire and the cantons of Switzerland have 



SEARCH-LIGHT. 117 

autonomy, (b) A temporary suspension of hostilities 
between two armies by mutual agreement, (c) Gov- 
ernment in which the power is placed in the hands 
of a few persons, (d) The exercise of undue influ- 
ence and authority by the collective bureaus of a 
government. 

(2) The tactics by which a minority in a legisla- 
tive body obstructs obnoxious legislation. These 
tactics may be in numerous forms, such as making 
motions to adjourn, rising to points of order, moving 
to lay on the table, moving to reconsider, long 
speeches, etc. 

(3) (a) To convert a floating debt into interest- 
bearing bonds, (b) The renewal of a debt which 
has been already funded. 

(4) (a) Great Britain, France, Spain, Italy, Aus- 
tria, Germany, Switzerland, Denmark, Holland, Bel- 
gium, Sweden, and Norway, (b) Greece, Servia, and 
Bulgaria, (c) Russia and Turkey. 

(5) Twelve times. Republic 1793, directory (gov- 
ernment by five directors), consulate (government by 
three consuls), consulate (first consul given extraor- 
dinary powers), the first empire, the monarchy, first 
empire restored, monarchy restored, monarchy by 
election, republic, the second empire, the republic. 



118 SCHOOL-ROOM 

PRONOUNCING CONTEST— No. 14. 



Molecule, molecular, sedative, pathos, glacial, drom- 
edary, brigantine, roseola, decorous, pyrites, mis- 
construe, hypochondriac, coterie, academian, grease 
(noun), grease (verb), hospitable, occult, probatory, 
remediless. 



SEARCH-LIGHT. 119 



TEST QUESTIONS— No. 15. 



Arithmetic. — (1) My watch gains 55 seconds per 
day. I put it right at 4 p. M. on Saturday. What 
time will it be by my watch at 10 A. M. on the fol- 
lowing Thursday? 

(2) I sold the N. E. ± of the S. E. \ of the N. 
W. \ of a section of land at $12.75 an acre. How 
much did I get for the land? 

(3) If I go diagonally across from the S. E. cor- 
ner to the N. W. corner of the S. W. J of the S. W. J 
of a section of land instead of going on the boundary 
lines, how much do I save in the distance? 

(4) How many barrels (31 J gallons) will a cubical 
cistern that is 8 feet deep contain? 

(5) How many hours will there be in the year 
1900? 

Language and Grammar. — (1) Make sentences in 
which the following words are used correctly : Coterie, 
nai've, nave, fagade, portentous, ominous, accession, 
tension, retentive, promulgate. 

(2) Correct the following, and give reasons for 
each correction: "He took up school." "I do not 
blame the failure on Jones." "There is no doubt 
but what he will go." 



120 SCHOOL-ROOM 

(3) Define euphemism, euphony, repartee, and give 
an example of each. 

(4) What is meant by poetical license? Illus- 
tiate. 

(5) What is blank verse? Give an example. 



Geography. — (1) Give the meaning of low ba- 
rometer and high barometer. 

(2) Why is it that the water of the ocean does 
uot freeze as readily as fresh water? Is there any 
difference in composition between the ice on the ocean 
and the water from which it is formed? 

(3) Name an island on which a celebrated author 
died; another on which a noted general died; one 
on which a great general was born; and two which 
are named in a popular hymn. 

(4) What is meant by each of the following 
words: Boers, Maoris, Papuans, atoll, mosque? 

(5) What and where are pusstas, salvas, steppes, 
llanos, pampas? 

United States History. — (1) A certain man was 
successively pastor of a church, representative in 
Congress, governor of a state, minister to Great Brit- 
ain, secretary of state, United States senator, candi- 
date for vice president. Name him and his native 
etate. 

(2) What is meant by the term "pocket veto"? 



SEAKCH-LIGHT. 121 

(3) What was the "Ostend Manifesto"? and by 
whom was it issued? 

(4) When was a blockade of the Southern ports 
proclaimed? When and by whom was the blockade 
raised ? 

(5) How much was the debt "of the United States 
in 1860? How much in 1865? 



General Information. — (1) What is the origin of 
the term " grain," used in troy and avoirdupois 
weights? 

(2) Give the origin of each of the following words : 
Augury, sophistry, auspices, mortgage, blackmail. 

(3) Name the author of each of the following quo- 
tations : 

"Who does the best his circumstance allows, 

Does well, acts nobly; angels could do no more." 
"For just experience tells in every soil 
That those who think must govern those who toil." 
"I am a part of all that I have met." 
" Measure your mind's height by the shade it casts." 

(4) Whence were the names of the seven days of 
the week derived? 

(5) In a few words, tell what you know about the 
"long" parliament. 



122 SCHOOL-ROOM 

ANSWERS TO TEST QUESTIONS 
No. 15. 

Arithmetic. — (1) The time from 4 p. M. on Sat- 
urday to 10 A. M. on the following Thursday = 4f 
days 55 sec. X 4f = 26 1 1 sec. = 4 min. 1 7 sec. Heuce, 
the time will be 4 min. 17 sec. after 10 A. M. on 
Thursday. 

(2) The N. E. i of the S. E. J of the N. W. J of 
a section of land (not fractional ) = 10 acres. $12.75 
X 10 = $127.50. 

(3) If I gc on the boundary lines, I must travel 
320 rods The diagonal =i/160 2 + 160 2 = 226.45 +. 
320 — 226.45+ =93.55. Hence, I save 93.55 rods 
iu distance. 

(4) 8 3 X 1 728 = 884736 = number of cubic inches 
in cistern. -^2%-^ = 3830+ = number of gals, in 
the cistern. 3830+ -j- 31 J = 12+ = number of bar- 
rels. 

(5) The year 1900 is the last in the century. It 
is not a leap year because its number is not divisible 
by 400. Hence, the number of hours = 24 hrs. X 
365 = 8,760 hrs. 

Language and Grammar. — (1) The brilliant cote- 
ries of Boston. She told her story in a naive manner. 
There is a nave in the cathedral. That building has 
a beautiful facade. These dark clouds in the west 



SEARCH-LIGHT. 123 

are 'portentous. His frown is ominous. The acces- 
sion of Alaska to the United States was of great 
importance. The tension on his muscles was very 
painful. He has a retentive memory. He is about 
to promulgate a decree. 

(2) (a) He began the school. Because the other 
expression is slang, (b) I do not blame Jones for 
the failure. You cannot blame a failure on auybodv. 
The entire expression is an ungrammatical jumble. 
(c) There is no doubt but h .rill go. What is su- 
pei fluous. 

(3) (a) A figure by which a mild or inoffensive 
word is substituted for a harsh one. Example: He 
abstracted (stole) a handkerchief fro: 1 ! the counter. 
(6) An easy and a smooth enunciation of sounds. 
Example: "The wolf's long howl on Onalooska's 
shore." (c) A smart, ready and witty reply. Ex- 
ample: "What's going on?" said a bore who stopped 
Douglas Jerrold on the street. "I am," replied 
Jerrold, passing on. 

(4) Poets sometimes violate the rules of syntax, 
and this practice is called "poetical license." Exam- 
ple : " And in the lowest deep a lower deep." "Where 
echo walks steep hills among." 

(5) Measures in poetry in which there are no 
rhymes, usually each verse ends with an important 
word. Example : 

"From morn 
To noon he fell, from noon to dewy eve, 
A summer's day; and with the setting sun 
Dropped from the zenith like a falling star.' 

— Milton. 



124 SCHOOL-EOOM 

Geography. — (1) When the air is heavy it pushes 
the mercury in a barometer up; when the air is light, 
the mercury falls. 

(2) Because the freezing of salt water takes place 
at a lower temperature than that of fresh water. 
Salt water freezes at 29 deg. Fah., fresh at 32 cleg. 
Fah. 

(3) Robert Louis Stevenson died on Upolu, one 
of the Samoan islands. Napoleon died on the island 
of St. Helena, and he was born on the island of 
Corsica. Greenland and Ceylon are named in the 
hymn " From Greenland's Icy Mountains." 

(4) (a) The inhabitants of two republics, the Or- 
ange River Free State, and the South African Re- 
public, both in South Africa. (6) The original 
natives of New Zealand, (c) The natives of the 
Australasian islands, (d) Islands ring-shaped, and 
wholly composed of the skeletons of coral polyps, 
situated in the Pacific ocean, (e) A Mohammedan 
church. 

(5) (a) Great plains of Hungary, (b) Selvas 
(misprimed salvas) are the great forests of the 
Amazon valley, (c) The great treeless plains of 
Russia. Also applied to the plains of Patagonia. 
(d) The plains of the lower Orinoco, (e) The tree- 
less plains of the Argentine Republic. 



United States History. — (1) Edward Everett. 
(2) Bills passed during the last ten days of a 



SEARCH-LIGHT. 125 

session, if kept by the President uuiil Congress ad- 
journs, do not become laws. Hence, this way of nul- 
lifying a bill is called "pocket veto." 

(3) On October 9, 1854, James Buchanan, John 
Y. Mason, aud Pierre Soule, the American ministers 
to Great Britain, France, and Spain, met at Osteud, 
under the direction of President Pierce, and drew up 
the dispatch to the United States government, now 
known as the "Osteud Manifesto." The substance 
of this dispatch was that the sale of Cuba would be 
as advantageous and honorable to Spain as its pur- 
chase would be to the United States, but that if 
Spain refused to sell it, self-preservation would make 
it necessary for the United States to wrest it from 
her. 

(4) (a) On April 23, 1861, by President Lincoln. 
(b) On May 22, 1865, by President Johnson. The 
blockade in Texas was not raised until a month later. 

(5) (a) $64,842,287. (6) $2,680,647,869. 



General Information.- — (1) The old English pound 
was equal to the weight of 7,680 grains of wheat, 
hence, the name grain. The standard has changed 
since that time. 

(2) (a) The augurs in ancient Rome were a college 
or board whose duty it was to interpret the signs of 
approval or disapproval which Jupiter was supposed 
to send in regard to any public transaction. Hence, 
our word augury, (b) Derived from a school of 



1 26 SCHOOL-ROOM 

philosophy in ancient Greece, the members of which 
were known as sophists. They were noted for their 
ingenuity in making the worse appear the better rea- 
son. Hence, our word sophistry, meaning a reasoning 
which is sound in appearance only, (d) Synonym 
of auguries. (e) From two French words, mort 
dead, and gage, a pledge, so called because in case of 
nonpayment of the debt, the land was forever dead, 
and lost to the mortgagor, (d) A certain rate of 
money, corn or cattle paid to bands of robbers in the 
south of Scotland and north of England, which 
secured to those who paid the protection of the rob- 
bers. 

(3) (a) Kogers. (b) Goldsmith, (c) Tennyson. 
(d) Browning. 

(4) From the names of Pagan gods. Sunday, 
Sun's day; Monday, Moon's day; Tuesday, Tuisto 
or Tuesco (Saxon god); Wednesday, Woden's day; 
Thursday, Thor's day; Friday, Friga (Scandinavian 
god); Saturday, Saterne's day. 

(5) It met in November, 1640. It attainted the 
Earl of Stratford; abolished the star chamber; the 
raising of tonnage and poundage without the consent 
of parliament was declared illegal, and it was pro- 
vided that parliament could not be dissolved without 
its own consent. This parliament began and carried 
on the contest which culminated in the execution of 
Charles I, and the establishment of the common- 
wealth. The long parliament was dissolved by 
Cromwell in 1653. 



SEARCH-LIGHT. 127 

PRONOUNCING CONTEST— No. 15. 



Parasitism, mechanist, metamorphism, misconstrue, 
occultism, odometer, panegyrize, pantomimist, peri- 
phrasis, predicamental, prelatism, severable, seques- 
tration, secretory, above, giaour, oaths, beneath, eider, 
Nassau. 



128 SCHOOL-EOOM 



TEST QUESTIONS— No. 16. 



Arithmetic. — (1) Reduce 14 bushels 3 pecks to 
pints, and analyze in three ways. 

(2) A surveyor stands at the point A. The first 
chain man stands due west of A 45 rods; the second 
chain man stands 60 rods due north of the first. 
What is the shortest distance from the surveyor to 
the second chain man? 

(3) How many minutes will there be in the year 

2000? 

(4) Subtract J of a leap year from a common 
year, and give the difference in hours, minutes, and 

seconds. 

(5) The assessed valuation of A's farm and per- 
sonal property is $900. He pays 2 per cent, school 
tax; 4 mills on the dollar township tax; 3 mills 
county tax; 2 mills state tax. Give the amount of 
his taxes. 

Language and Grammar. — (1) Make sentences 
in which the following words are used correctly: 
Impervious, homogeneous, imperturbable, incisive, 
poignant, mediocre, erudite, episode, epitome, equivo- 
cal. 

(2) Name five adjectives that cannot be compared. 

(3) Correct the following, and give reasons for 



SEAKCH-LIGHT. 129 

each correction: "I am stopping at the hotel;" "In 
so far as that may be true;" "All of my classmates 
are going to the picnic." 

(4) Define tautology and pleonasm, and give an 
example of each. 

(5) Define verse, distich or couplet, and triplet, 
and give an example of each. 

Geography. — (1) How does the captain of a ship 
ascertain in what longitude and latitude his ship is 
at any time? 

(2) Give approximately the number of people 
belonging to each of the five races of mankind. 

(3) Tell briefly what is the work of the United 
States weather bureau. 

(4) Why is it that the western part of the Argen- 
tine Republic has but little moisture, while nearly all 
the western part of Brazil has a great deal? 

(5) Name the most important of the colonies or 
protectorates of France. 

United States History. — (1) What is the origin of 
the term "corporal's guard" in United States his- 
tory? 

(2) He was a lawyer, governor of his state, min- 
ister to Great Britain, minister to Spain, candidate 
for President, member of congress, major general 
during a great war. Name him. 



130 SCHOOL-ROOM 

(3) What was the " Salary Grab"? 

(4) What is meant by " subsidies"? Give illus- 
trations. 

(5) Name three states which were formed from 
parts of states already in existence. 



General Information. — (1) Whence were the 
names of the months derived? 

(2) What is the difference between a privateer 
and a pirate? 

(3) \Name the author of each of the following 
quotations: "Well said; that was laid on with a 
trowel." "He makes no friend who never made a 
foe." "For he who is honest is noble, whatever his 
fortunes or birth." 

(4) What changes have taken place in the govern- 
ment of Spain since 1800? 

(5)^Tell what you can concerning Corea and its 
people in 100 words? 



SEAEOH-LIGHT. 131 

ANSWERS TO TEST QUESTIONS 
No. 16. 

Arithmetic. — (1 ) 

Bu. Pks. 

(a) 14—3 (6) 14.75 bu.X 4X8X2 = 944 pts. 
4 

8 (c) 14f bu. X 4 X 8 X 2= 944 pts. 



472 
2 



914 pints. 

Note— The analysis is simply indicated. The pupil can expand it. 



(2) The distance from the surveyor = i/40 2 -j- 60 2 
= 78.7+ rods. 

(3) In the year 2,000 there will be 366 days. 
366 days X 24 X 60 = 527,040 minutes. 

(4) 366 days X 24 = 8,784 hours = Dumber of 
hours in a leap year. 8,784 of | = 7,686 hours. 
8,760 — 7,686 = 1,074 hours. 

(5) $900 X. 02 =$18.00 = school tax. 

900 X .004 = 3.60 = township tax. 
900 X .003 = 2,70 = county tax. 
900 X .002 = 1.80 = state tax. 

Total, $26.10. 



Language and Grammar, — (1) He is impervious 
to ridicule. The French are a homogeneous people. 
Under this torrent of abuse, he remained as imper- 



132 SCHOOL-ROOM ' 

turbable as a graven image. In an incisive speech 
he exposed the weakness of the party's policy. The 
loss of his brother caused him poignant sorrow. He 
is a man of mediocre abilities. He was a most 
erudite teacher. This was the most interesting episode 
in the narrative. We have in these few paragraphs 
an epitome of the entire work. He gave me an 
equivocal answer. 

(2) Circular, square, wooden, two, daily. 

(3) (a) I am staying at the hotel. Because stop 
is the reverse of start, and is incorrectly used, (b) So 
far as that may be true. In is superfluous, (c) All 
my classmates are going to the picnic. Of is unnec- 
essary, and adds nothing to clearness of expression. 

(4) (a) It is a needless repetition of an idea in 
different words and phrases. Example: "Said party 
of the first part doth covenant and agree." (b) The 
use of more words than are necessary to express an 
idea. Example: "He returned back again to his 
native state.'"' 

(5) (a) A single line of poetry. Example: 

"Life is real, life is earnest." 

(6) A couple of lines making complete sense. Ex- 
ample: 

"Know thyself, presume not God to scan; 
The proper study of mankind is man." 

(c) Three lines rhyming together. Example: 

"As she fled fast through sun and shade, 
The happy winds upon her played, 
Blowing the ringlets from the braid." 



SEARCH-LIGHT. 133 

Geography. — (1) (a) By comparing the time at 
Greenwich on the prime meridian with the noon in- 
stant where the ship is at that time, the longitude is 
computed. Every ship has a chronometer set to the 
lime on the prime meridian. An allowance of 15 
degrees is made for each hour. (6) The latitude is 
determined by measuring with a sextant the angle 
made by the sun with the horizon at noon. 

(2) Caucasian, about 600,000,000. Mongolian, 
ab.ut 600,000,000. Ethiopian, about 180,000,000. 
Malay, between 50,000,000 and 60,000,000. Indian, 
about 10,000,000. 

(3) To make observations and records relating to 
the weather. Observation stations are maintained by 
the government in different parts of the United States. 
From these the condition of the temperature, ap- 
pearance of the sky, pressure of the atmosphere, 
rain or snowfall, are telegraphed to Washington 
twice a day from the several observation points. 
From the bureau at Washington predictions concern- 
ing the weather, based upon the reports received, are 
sent by telegraph to central points in all patts of the 
country. 

(4) {a) In the temperate zone, in which zone the 
Argentine Republic is situated, the moisture is car- 
ried from the Pacific, but is condensed by the cold, 
western summits and slopes of the Andes, and flows 
back into the Pacific. Hence, the western part of 
the Argentine Republic, being east of the Andes, re- 
ceives but little moisture. (6) In the torrid zone, 



134 SCHOOL-ROOM 

the moisture is carried westward by the trade winds 
blowing from the Atlantic. The moisture is con- 
densed on the eastern summits and slopes of the 
Ancles; hence, western Brazil has a great deal of 
rain. 

(5) Algeria, Tunis, New Caledonia, Anam, Mada- 
gascar. 

United States History. — (1) A name given in de- 
rision to the few who supported President Tyler's 
policy from 1841 to 1845. 

(2) Thomas Pinckney, South Carolina. 

(3) The name given by the people to the act passed 
by Congress in 1873, increasing federal salaries. 
The President's salary was increased from $25,000 to 
$50,000; of the chief justice, from $8,500 to $10,- 
000; of the associate justices, cabinet officers, vice 
president, and speaker of the house, from $8,000 to 
$10,000; of senators and representatives, from $5,000 
to $7,500. What gave rise to the term "salary 
grab" was, that the act was made retroactive, and 
that the members of the Congress which passed the 
law were to receive the increase in salary from the 
beginning of their respective terms. In January, 
1874, the act, except that part of it relating to the 
President and justices, was repealed. 

(4) Generally speaking, it means aid, in money, 
granted by the state to persons engaged in enterprises 
of a mercantile, manufacturing or industrial character. 
Specifically, it means money paid by a government to 



SEAKCH-LIGHT. 135 

steamboat or railroad companies. The United States 
government has paid subsidies to lines from New 
York to Liverpool, Panama to Oregon, Charleston 
to Havana, and New York to Brazil. 

(5) West Virginia, Kentucky, and Maine. 



General Information. — (1) From the Romans. 
January, Januaris, from Janus; February, Febru- 
aris, from Februa; March, Martins, from Mars; 
April, Aprilis, from Aperio; May, Maius, from 
Maia; June, Junius, from Juno; July, Julius, from 
Julius Csesar; August, Augustus, from Augustus 
Csesar; September means seventh month; October, 
eighth month ; November, ninth month ; December, 
tenth month. Originally, the Roman year began 
with March, and the number of months was 10. 

(2) (a) A pirate is a ship which carries on rob- 
bery by force on the sea. (b) A privateer is an armed 
ship, owned by one or more private persons, to whom 
in time of war a government grants a commission 
authorizing the owner or owners and crew to capture 
the enemy's ships or other property, and to appro- 
priate to themselves, ia whole or in part, the ship3 and 
gouds seized. 

(3) Shakespeare ; Tennyson ; Alice Cary. 

(4) In 1808, Napoleon drove out the reigning 
monarch and placed his own brother, Joseph Bona- 
parte, on the throne. In 1814, Frederick VII, the 
former monarch, was restored. In 1868, Queen 



136 SCHOOL-ROOM 

Is abelia was driven out of the country, aud, in 1870 
Amadeus Hosta, second son of Victor Emanuel, ac- 
cepted the crown, but he resigned a few years later. 
A republic was formed, and that gave place to the 
monarchy in 1874, when the crown was offered to 
Alfonso, son of the exiled queen. During the period 
from 1800 until the present (1895), there have been 
mauy rebellions in Spain ; but few of them led to 
radical changes. 

(5) Corea is a kingdom of eastern Asia, occupying 
a peninsula bounded on the east by the Sea of Japan 
on the west by the Yellow sea; south, by the Strait 
of Corea; north, by Manchuria. Corea is a moun- 
tainous country, and is said to be rich in minerals. 
The temperature is more even than that of the 
Asiatic continent, but in the northern part it is very 
cold. The king has been a vassal of China, but 
within the limits of Corea his power has been abso- 
lute. The late war between Japan and China has 
made Corea an independent state. 



PRONOUNCING CONTEST— No. 16, 



Redolent, patois, pseony, mitrailleuse, contempo- 
raneity, jurisconsult, placable, proscenium, varioloid, 
contemplator, isochronal, sepulture, lichens, cotyledon, 
clinique, improvvisatore, anabasis, Tehuantepec, San- 
hedrin, Saguenay. 



SEARCH-LIGHT 137 



TEST QUESTIONS— No. 17. 



Arithmetic— (1) What must be the length of each 
side of a cubical granary which is to hold 1,000 
bushels of wheat? 

(2) The length of the school term in a certain 
school district was 6 months of 20 days each. One 
of the pupils was absent during the term 16 days, 
and he was tardy 15 minutes every day he was pres- 
ent. How much of the term did he lose ? 

(3) The scale on a map is 8 miles to the inch. 
How many square miles are there in a county which 
is represented on the map by a rectangle 4J inches 
long and 2f inches wide? How many acres are 
there in the county? 

(4) The fare on Kansas railroads is 3 cents a mile. 
Persons purchasing return tickets receive a discount 
of 10 per cent. If a return ticket costs me $7.56, 
what is the distance between the two stations? 

(5) What percentage of the area of Kansas are 
the combined areas of Maine, Vermont, New Hamp- 
shire, Massachusetts, Connecticut, Rhode Island, and 
New Jersey? (See any modern geography for areas.) 



Language and Grammar.— (1) Make sentences in 
which the following words are used correctly : Ex- 



138 SCHOOL-ROOM 

rruciating, facile, versatile, exuberant, docile, inimical, 
irrefragable, metamorphosed, moribund. 

(2) Write the plural and the possessive singular 
of each of the following words: Court-martial, man- 
trap, cousin-german. Give the rules which are fol- 
lowed. 

(3) Correct the following, and give reasons for 
( ach correction : "That book will do equally as well." 
"Had I have gone to school yesterday, I should have 
been first in my class." "I intend to pay my ar- 
rearages soon." 

(4) What is meant by "obscurity" in rhetoric? 
Give an example. 

(5) What is alliteration? Give examples. 



Geography. — (1) Where are the loftiest plateaus 
iu the world? 

(2) Where is the most foggy place in the world? 
Wiiy is it so foggy there? 

(3) What are moraines and crevasses ? 

(4) Explain the flag signals of the United States 
weather bureau. 

(5) A certain country exports sugar, cotton, wool. 
Its capital is seven miles from the sea. The eastern 
part of the country is fertile; the western, arid. The 
form of government is republican. Name the 
country. 



SEARCH-LIGHT. 139 

United States History. — (1) What is meant by the 
"Arnistad case"? 

(2) What is the " Order of the Cincinnati"? 

(3) When did the Hartford convention meet? 
What were its purposes? 

(4) Who were the "Coodies"? 

(5) What was the "Covode investigation"? 



General Information. — (1) What countries were 
represented at the Paris monetary conference of 1867? 

(2) What is meant by the "previous question" in 
parliamentary law? 

(3) Name the author of each of the following quo- 
tations: "Heaven is above all yet; there sits a judge 
that no king can corrupt." "A man of pleasure is a 
man of pains." "Truth is truth howe'er it strike." 

(4) In what year was there a month which had 
but 19 days, and which had no new moon? Why? 

(5) Give the origin of the words clue, clumsy, coast, 
forestall, heathens. 



140 SCHOOL-ROOM 

ANSWERS TO TEST QUESTIONS 
No. 17. 

Arithmetic. — (1) A bushel contains 1.25 cubic 
feet, nearly; 1,000 bushels contain 1,250 cubic feet, 
nearly. The cube root of 1,250 = 10.82 feet, nearly, 
length of each side of required granary. 

(2) 20x6 = 120days. 120 — 16 = 104 days. 15 
X 104 = 1.560 minutes = 26 hours = 4 \ school days. 
Total number of days lost, 108 \. 

(3) 8X4.5 = 36 miles = length. 
8 X 2.75 = 22 miles = breadth. 

36 X 26 = 640 = 599,040 acres. 

(4) $7.56 = 90% of total fare; 7.56 -- 90 =.084, 
or 1% of total fare; .084 X 100 = $8.40, or total 
fare; 840 -=- 3 = 280 miles. 

(5) Area of Kansas, 82,080 square miles. Com- 
bined area of Maine, Vermont, New Hampshire, 
Massachusetts, Connecticut, Rhode Island, and 
New Jersey, 73,030 square miles, The percentage 

is 88+. - 

Language and Grammar. — (1) The pain he suf- 
fered was excruciating. He is a facile writer. He 
was a versatile politician. The foliage was exuber- 
ant. That is a docile child. The course he is pur- 
suing is inimical to your interests. He proved 
his case by irrefragable testimony. That man 
seems to have been metamorphosed. The patient 
is moribund. 



SEARCH-LIGHT. 141 

(2) Courts-martial, man-traps, cousins-german. 
In compound words, the part which describes the 
rest is generally the part pluralized. When a com- 
pound word is composed of a noun and an adjec- 
tive, the sign of the plural should be added to the 
noun. 

(3) That book will do equally well. As is super- 
fluous. Had I gone to school yesterday, I should 
have bsen first in my class. Have is unnecessary, 
and adds nothing to the clearness of the expression. 
The third sentence appears to be grammatically 
correct, but in other respects it seems to be wrong; 
at any rate, the arrearages have not come. 

(4) A confusion in the expression of thought, 
usually because the thought itself is confused. 
Example: "The serene aspect of these writers, 
joined with the great encouragement I observe is 
given to another, or what is intended to be sus- 
pected, in which he indulges himself, confirmed me 
in the notion I have of the prevalence of ambition 
this way." 

(5) The repetition of the same letter at the be- 
ginning of two or more words succeeding each 
other, or at short intervals. The recurrence of the 
same word in accented parts of words is also called 
alliteration. Example: 

Fly o'er waste fens and windy fields. — Tennyson. 

— International Dictionary. 



Geography.— {1) In Thibet. They are from 
10,000 to 15,000 feet high. 



142 SCHOOL-KOOM 

(2) On the Banks of Newfoundland. The vapor 
arising from the warm waters of the Gulf stream 
meets on the banks the cold current from the 
north. The vapor is condensed into fog con- 
tinually. 

(3) (a) The rocks and debris brought down by 
avalanches to the edge of glaciers, and which form 
a dark band on each side, (h) Fissures in glaciers. 

(4) White nag, clear or fair weather; blue flag, 
general rain or snow; half -white and half -blue flag, 
local rain or snow; white flag with a black square 
in the center, a cold wave; black triangular flag, 
change in temperature ; temperature flag above fair- 
weather or rain flag, warmer weather; below them, 
colder weather; no temperature flag means con- 
tinuation of present temperature. 

(5) Peru. 

United States History. — (1) On June 27, 1839, 
the L^Amistad was on her way from Havana to 
Puerto Principe with a cargo of slaves. The slaves 
mutinied, and killed all the crew except two, who 
were saved to navigate the ship to Africa. They, 
however, steered her in the direction of New York. 
She was seized by a United States warship — Cal- 
deron. The Spanish minister demanded the sur- 
render of the slaves, on the ground that they were 
" property rescued from pirates." The abolition- 
ists took the side of the slaves, and finally the su- 
preme court decided that the slaves should be set 
free. 



SEAECH-LIGHT. 143 

(2) It was founded by the officers of the revo- 
lutionary war, when the army was disbanded. 
Membership was limited to officers. The order is 
still in existence. 

(3) A convention of leading representatives of 
the federalists opposed to the war of 1812. It was 
composed of 27 members. Massachusetts, Con- 
necticut, New Hampshire, Vermont and Rhode 
Island were represented. Resolutions recommend- 
ing that the South be deprived of the representa- 
tion given it for three-fifths of its slaves, that a 
two-thirds vote be required to admit a territory, 
that naturalized foreigners be debarred from hold- 
ing offices or sitting in Congress, were passed. 

(4) A section of the federalists in New York city, 
in 1812, in favor of the war with England. The 
name was derived from the nom deplume — Abima- 
lech Coody — of the leader, Gulian 0. Verplanck. 

(5) In the first session of the thirty-sixth con- 
gress, a committee, headed by Covode, of Pennsyl- 
vania, was ax3pointed by the house of representatives 
to investigate charges of corruption made by two 
anti-Lecompton members against President Bu- 
chanan. The majority report was against the Pre- 
sident. 

General Information. — (1) Austria, Baden, Ba- 
varia, Belgium, Denmark, the United States, France, 
Great Britain, Greece, Italy, The Netherlands, Port- 
ugal, Prussia, Russia, Sweden and Norway, Switzer- 
land, Turkey, and Wurtumberg. 



144 SCHOOL-ROOM 

(2) It is the name for a motion that debate cease 
at once, and that a vote be taken on the question 
under discussion. 

(3) Shakespeare, Young, Robert Browning. 

(4) In 1752, the month of September had but 19 
days, and had no new moon. The change from the 
old to the new style of dating had been made a 
short time before. 

(5) (a) From the custom of un winding a ball 
or clew of thread when one went through a laby- 
rinth, in order to find the way back, (b) In old 
English, clomsid meant hands frozen or stiffened, 
hence unable to grasp anything, (c) From the 
Latin eosta, a rib or side, (d) From the custom 
of certain buyers, who would buy of the dealer while 
he was on his way to his stall in market, (e) "The 
word heathen acquired its meaning from the fact 
that, at the introduction of Christianity into Ger- 
many, the wild dwellers on the heaths longest re- 
sisted the truth." — Trench. 



PRONOUNCING CONTEST — No. 17. 



Absolute, resolute, constitute, institute, blue, dew, 
due, blew, does, said, been, Kansas, Topeka, Iowa, 
Massachusetts, induce, hand, aunt, calm, ant. 



SEARCH- LIGHT. 145 



TEST QUESTIONS — No. 18. 



Arithmetic. — (1) If a 124 ft. steeple casts a 93 
ft. shadow, what is the height of a steeple that casts 
a 162 ft. shadow, under the same conditions? 

(2) Amount sent $2,530; commission, 2 J per 
cent. ; • find amount paid out. 

(3) Reduce 1 gi. to the decimal of a gallon. 

(4) 5 seconds is what part of a degree? 

(5) When it is noon in Boston (71° 3' 30" W.), 
what time is it at San Francisco (122° 26' 15" W.)? 



Language and Grammar. — (1) What degree of 
comparison is expressed by each of the following: 
Better, ill, least, more? Write the three forms for 
each. 

(2) What is an idiomatic phrase? Give three 
examples. 

(3) Correct such of the following as are incor- 
rect, and give reasons for so doing: (a) Will we 
ever be satisfied? (h) Should they be satisfied? 
(e) Would we be satisfied should we go? (d) 
You should be satisfied, (e) If I should be satis- 
fied, would you be contented? 

(4) " Write the past tense for the following verbs: 
Beware, may, must, shall, ought. 



146 SCHOOL-ROOM 

(5) Correct the following: (a) He did not pay 
over $4 for the hat. (b) He is a man of consider- 
able talent, (c) Here are a couple of apples, (d) 
He graduated from the Kansas university yester- 
day, (e) Will you jeopardize your fortunes? 



Geography. — (1) What country in the world 
leads in the production of iron, of steel, of coal? 

(2) Name in their order the five greatest wheat- 
producing countries of the earth. 

(3) Name the three countries of the earth which 
have more than a half thousand inhabitants to each 
square mile of territory. 

(4) Name the four countries (not governments) 
of the earth which support more than 50,000,000 
people each. 

(5) Name the three countries of the earth which 
have an area of more than 3,000,000 square miles. 



United States History. — (1) What was the 
"kitchen cabinet"? 

(2) What was the cause and what the result of 
the "Modoc war"? 

(3) What was the greatest Christmas gift ever 
received by a President of the United States while 
in office? 

(4) What was the pan- American congress? 

(5) What peculiar coincidences occurred in con- 



SEARCH-LIGHT. 147 

nection with the Washington and Bunker Hill 
monuments? 

General Information. — (1) What is meant by 
the phrase " tariff for revenue only," which occurs 
in United States political history? 

(2) What schoolmaster in the time of Queen 
Elizabeth apologized for writing his books in Eng- 
lish? 

(3) What is the origin of our word "mile"? 

(4) Make a brief statement about the first re- 
corded sale of land. 

(5) We often see the expression casus helli in 
our newspapers. Explain its meaning. 



ANSWERS TO TEST QUESTIONS 

No. 18. 

Arithmetic— (1) 124 : X :: 93 :162. 

124Xl62 ^j008^ 216fi An§ ^ 

93 93 

(2) Amount sent, $2,530 = 102.5 per cent, of 
amount paid out. 

®>!®_ = $2,468.29+. Ans. 
102 5 

(3) lgi = ^gal.=.03125gal. Ans. 



148 SCHOOL-EOOM 

(4) 3600" in 1°. 

• 1 " — i ° 

• - 1 - 36 • 

and 5"= 3^0/= ^4/. Ans. 

(5) Longitude of San Francisco=122° 26' 15" W. 
Longitude of Boston = 71° 3' 30" W. 
Difference in longitude = 51° 22' 45". 
Difference in time == -fa of dif . in longitude. 

51° 22' 45" 

tk = 3*™ 25' 31". 

15 

Since Boston is east of San Francisco, noon at 

Boston gives forenoon at San Francisco = 3 lirs 

25' 31" before noon = 34' 29" after 8 o'clock a. m. 

Ans. 



Language and Grammar. — (1) Comparative, 
positive, superlative. Good, better, best; ill, worse, 
worst; little, less, least; much, more, most. 

(2) A phrase having a peculiar sense not agree- 
ing with the logical sense of its structural forms. 
I can make nothing of it. He is more than will- 
ing. I do observe you now, of late. 

(3) (a) Shall we ever be satisfied? "Will" is 
never used interrogatively in the first person, (b) 

Would they be satisfied? In asking questions, the 
second and third person employ the auxiliary 
which is expected in reply, (o) Should we be sat- 
isfied, if we should go? "Would" and "should" 
are simply the past tenses of " shall " and " will," 
and follow the same rules, (d) You should be sat- 
isfied. Sometimes, as in this sentence, "should" 



SEAKOH-LIGHT. 149 

expresses duty or obligation. (e) Correct. See 
(c) for reason. 

(4) "Beware" has no past. Might. "Must" 
has no past. Should. " Ought " has no past. 

(5) (a) He did not pay more than $4 for the 
hat. (o) An idiom that is rapidly growing in 
favor, used, for "superior ability." (e) A vulgar 
expression for two. "Couple" has been used in 
this sense by Carlyle, Addison, Dickens, Sir P. 
Sidney, and others, (d) The authorities of the 
university do the graduating or measuring, the 
student is passive. Hence, " was graduated." (e) 
Jeopard, instead of "jeopardize." 



Geography.— (1) British Isles, United States, 
British Isles. 

( 2 ) United States, France, Russia, Italy, Austro- 
Hungary. 

(3) Belgium, Egypt, Mauritius. 

(4) China proper, Russia, India, British India, 
United States. 

(5) Brazil, Canadian Dominion, United States. 

United States History.— (1) President Jackson 
did not rely upon his first cabinet for advice;, but 
he counseled with a few of his favorites, some of 
whom held subordinate positions in the depart- 
ments. These men were called his "Kitchen 
Cabinet," because of their inferior positions, and 



150 SCHOOL-ROOM 

because through them the President could be in- 
fluenced. 

(2) In 1872, the "Modocs," a band of Indians 
living in southern Oregon, to avenge some of the 
tribe murdered by white men 20 years before, and 
to force the United States government to consent 
to a more favorable treaty in their behalf, began 
hostilities. After a bloody war they were com- 
pletely conquered and removed to the Indian Ter- 
ritory. There, many of the survivors have become 
civilized, many Christians, and one or two minis- 
ters of the gospel. 

(3) Savannah, presented to President Lincoln, 
on Christmas day, 1865. 

(4) A Congress of 66 members, from 17 inde- 
pendent American states, which held sessions in 
Washington, D. C, during the latter months of 
188.9 and the opening months of 1890, and made 
many recommendations, the principal one being 
that international difficulties should be settled by 
arbitration and not by war. 

(5) Robert C. Winthrop, of Massachusetts, com- 
posed the oration at the laying of the corner stone, 
and also that at the dedication of the Washington 
monument, 1818-1885. Daniel Webster, also of 
Massachusetts, performed the same services in con- 
nection with the Bunker Hill monument. 



General Information. — (1) It means the levy- 
ing of just enough tax on imports to meet the cur T 
rent expenses of the government. 



SEARCH-LIGHT. 151 

(2) Eoger Ascliam. 

(3) It is corrupted from the Latin word mille, 
a thousand. The Roman mile was a thousand 
paces. Hence, the name " mile " from mille. 

(4) See Genesis, 23d chapter. Abraham bought 
a burial place for his family from Ephron, paying 
him 400 shekels of silver for it. 

(5) Casus telli is a Latin phrase which means, 
in law and diplomacy, some act or circumstance 
which renders war inevitable or unavoidable. 



PRONOUNCING CONTEST — No. 18. 



Honor, onerous, immediate, indisputable, ex- 
emplary, papa, paw, pawpaw, cataclysm, catastro- 
phe, iron, none, nun, financier, financially, finance, 
resume, resume, consomme, consume. 



152 SCHOOL-ROOM 



TEST QUESTIONS — No. 19. 



Arithmetic. — (1) My watch gains 4f minutes a 
day. If it is exactly correct at noon on July 4, what 
time will it show at 3 p. M. on September 4? 

(2) A train travels 33f miles an hour. Making 
no allowance for stops, how far will it travel be- 
tween 10J minutes past 7 in the morning and 20J 
minutes past 3 in the afternoon? 

(3) A farmer wishing to ascertain the number 
of acres in a rectangular field, and having no meas- 
ure, " steps " the distances. He finds the length to 
be 200 steps, the width 160 steps. His steps aver- 
age 3 J feet. How many acres are in the field? 

(4) I have a gas jet which burns two feet of gas 
per hour. If I have it lighted 2J hours every even- 
ing from October 1 to April 1, inclusive, how much 
will my gas bill amount to at $1.50 per 1,000 feet? 

(5) I bought a stock of goods for $4,500. The 
freight was 7 per cent, of the cost. I sell 35 per 
cent, of the goods at a profit of 33 \ per cent.; 45 
per cent, at a profit of 25 per cent.; and the re- 
mainder at cost. What was my gain? 



Language and Grammar. — (1) Give the plural 
of each of the following words, with your reasons: 
Negro, grotto, Cato. 



SEAKCH- LIGHT. 153 

(2) Give two abstract nouns which do not add s 
to form their plurals. Give two abstract nouns 
which do add s to form the plural. 

(3) Name five nouns which have the plural form 
but are used in both numbers. 

(4) Correct the following, and give reasons: "I 
am not certain whether I can come." " He is the 
same man as came yesterday." 

(5) Give m* illustration of a proverb; of an epi- 
thet; of elision. 



Geography. — (1) Define the terms low barome- 
ter and high barometer. 

(2) What are volcanic islands? coral islands? 
Name two of each. 

(3) At the equator, at what elevation is the snow 
line reached? 

(4) Starting from Manilla in a ship, and stop- 
ping on your way at Singapore, Cape Town, and 
Bahia, what islands and countries would you pass, 
and over what waters would you sail? 

(5) Name the deepest fresh- water lake in Amer- 
ica, and tell where it is situated. 



United States History. — (1) What congress was 
in session 302 days? 

(2) He was graduated at Princeton, was a law- 
yer, a United States senator, chancellor of a great 
university, president of a college, and was nomi? 



154 SCHOOL-KOOM 

nated for vice president of the United States. Name 
him. 

(3) What are political assessments? When and 
where did they originate? 

(4) Name all the places at which, congress held 
its meetings between the beginning of the revolu- 
tion and the removal to Washington? 

( 5 ) When were the most-noted commercial crises 
in United States history? 



General Information. — (1) Give the origin of 
each of the following words: Agate, ague, dispar- 
age, fulsome, neighbor. 

(2) Of two chapters in a certain book, one con- 
tains but 11 words, the other but 16. Name the 
book, and quote the contents of the two chapters. 

(3) He was an eminent critic and essayist; he 
was imprisoned two years for attacking in a news- 
paper a royal personage ; his father was at one time 
a lawyer in Philadelphia. Name him. 

(4) Name the author of each of the following 
quotations : 

"To know thyself — in others self concern; 

Wouldst thou know others? read thyself and learn." 
"He that respects himself is safe from others; 

He wears a coat of mail that none can pierce." 
"Silence more musical than any song." 

(5) What was the origin of the interrogation and 
exclamation points? • 



SEARCH-LIGHT. 155 

ANSWERS TO TEST QUESTIONS 

No. 19. 

Arithmetic. — (1) Total number of days, 62-J. 
4£ minutes X 62^- = 295 minutes == 4 hours 55 min- 
utes. Hence the watch at 3 p. M. on September 4 
will show 7 : 55 P. M. 

(2) The number of hours from 1C% minutes 
past 7 A. M. until 20^ minutes past 3 P. M. is 8 
hours and 10 minutes. 33| minutes x8j- = 275-g 
minutes. 

(3) The length = 650 feet; width, 520 feet. 

650 X 520 _ _ , 

= 7.7 -h acres. 

43560 

(4) From October 1 to April 1, inclusive = 183 
evenings. Gas burned each evening, 5 feet. 5 X 
183 = 915. $1.50 X 915 = $1.37. 

(5) $4,500 + 7% =$4,815.00 
4,815 of 35% = 1,685.25 

1,685 + 331% = 2,447.00 

4,815 of 45% = 2,166.75 

2,166.75 + 25% = 2,708.44 

Remainder = 963.00 

$2,447 -f 2,708.44 + 963 = total selling price = 

$6,118.44. $6,118.44 — $4,815 = $1,303.44 = gain. 



Language and Grammar. — (1) Negroes, grot- 
tos, Catos, Nouns ending in preceded by a con- 
sonant generally form their plural by adding es. 



156 SCHOOL-ROOM 

Grotto is an exception to the rule. m The plural of 
proper names ending in o is formed by adding s. 

(2) (a) Meekness, decorum, (b) Affinities, 
gravities. 

(3) News, alms, odds, gallows, bellows. 

(4) (a) I am not certain whether I can come 
or not. The corresponding conjunction of whether 
is or, and the words or not should finish the sen- 
tence, (h) He is the same man that cames yes- 
terday. That should be used after same. 

(5) (a) A sentence which briefly and forcibly 
expresses some practical truth. Example: "All is 
not gold that glitters." (b) An adjective express- 
ing some attribute, quality or relation that is 
properly or specially appropriate to a person or 
thing, as a just man; a verdant lawn. — Interna- 
tional Dictionary. (e) The suppression of a 
vowel or syllable; usually in poetry. Examples: 
" 'T is he; " " 1 11 ne'er forget." 

5 O 



Geography. — (1) The barometer is low when 
there is a great deal of vapor in the air, and the 
air is lighter than usual. A low barometer indi- 
cates a moist atmosphere. A high barometer indi- 
cates a heavy atmosphere, which may be due to 
denseness or dryness. 

(2) They are formed by materials ejected by 
submarine volcanoes. Graham island, the Sand- 
wich islands. 

(3) Sixteen thousand feet, 



SEARCH-LIGHT. 157 

(4) (a) From the Pacific ocean into the China 
sea, through the Strait of Malacca, on the Indian 
ocean, across the South Atlantic ocean. China, 
Anam, Borneo, Sumatra, Siam, Ceylon, Mada- 
gascar, Cape Colony. 

(5) Crater lake, in Oregon. The average depth 
is 1,490 feet; deepest sounding, 1,196. 



United States History.— (1) The thirty-first 
Congress. 

(2) Theodore Frelinghuysen. 

(3) (a) Contributions exacted of candidates for 
office and office-holders by state, congressional, na- 
tional or municipal political committees, for the 
purpose of paying the expenses of campaigns. 
(b) The report of a committee to the twenty-fifth 
Congress states that a custom-house officer in New 
York was obliged to pay assessments. This is the 
first recorded case. 

(4) Philadelphia, Baltimore, Lancaster, York, 
Princeton, Annapolis, Trenton, and New York. 

(5) 1819, 1837, 1857, 1873, 1893. 



General Information.— {1) (a) Named after 
the place in which it was first found, the river 
Achates, in Sicily, (b) From the French aigue, 
meaning sharp, (c) The French word parage 
means equality of birth; so, to place a man below 
his proper station is to disparage him.' (d) 



158 SCHOOL-ROOM 

From the word foulsome. (e) From the two 
Anglo-Saxon words boor and nigh. 

(2) In a translation of Horrebow's "The Natu- 
ral History of Iceland," one chapter is headed 
"Concerning Owls." The chapter is as follows: 
" There are no owls of any kind in the whole is- 
land." Another chapter, in the same book, " Con- 
cerning Snakes," reads thus: "No snakes of any 
kind are to be met with throughout the whole of 
the island." 

(3) Leigh Hunt. 

(4) (a) ^Schiller, (b) Longfellow, (c) Chris- 
tina G. Rossetti. 

(5) The exclamation point originally was / 
placed above 0, thus, ^. The interrogation point 
was formed by placing Q obove 0, thus, q. 



PRONOUNCING CONTEST — No. 19. 



Clinique, Elizabethan, grimaces, calf, absolutory, 
antimony, antinomy, requiem, jmnegyrized, Te- 
huantepec, raspberries, incognito, anachronisms, 
soothe, breathe, turquois, pantheon, parthenon, 
Millais, millet. 



